Hypoglobulinemia in a dog with disseminated plasma cell neoplasia: Case report and review of the diagnostic criteria

Brown, Juliet E; Russell, Elise B; Moore, A Russell; Oscos-Snowball, Marja A.; Stent, Andrew; Courtman, Natalie

doi:10.1111/vcp.12948

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The updated criteria are based on the identification of biomarkers significantly associated with the development of CRAB features in patients with subclinical MM. Furthermore, the new criteria take into consideration advances in laboratory and imaging techniques 17,18 . These new criteria are more relevant as they allow an early diagnosis of MM and data show that early intervention in asymptomatic high‐risk patients can extend survival 16,19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the new criteria take into consideration advances in laboratory and imaging techniques. 17,18 These new criteria are more relevant as they allow an early diagnosis of MM and data show that early intervention in asymptomatic high-risk patients can extend survival. 16,19 If we take into consideration these new criteria, our case fulfils the updated definition of human MM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disseminated intramuscular anaplastic plasma cell tumour in a dog

Lecot,

Chamel,

Marchal

et al. 2023

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 12‐year‐old, neutered, male Jack Russell terrier was diagnosed with a disseminated intramuscular anaplastic round cell tumour with primary hepatic, splenic, subcutaneous and medullary involvement. The tumour was confirmed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction analysis of antigen receptor gene rearrangements to be of plasma cell origin. Tumour cells were lambda light chain‐positive, multiple myeloma 1‐positive and pan‐B marker‐negative (paired box protein 5, CD20 and CD79) and showed clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement. Computed tomography did not identify osteolytic lesions. Plasma cells represented 14% of bone marrow cells. Serum and urine electrophoresis were not performed because of a normal serum globulin concentration. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report describing a disseminated diffuse intramuscular anaplastic plasma cell tumour in a dog without evidence of multiple myeloma on initial presentation or progression to multiple myeloma or plasma cell leukaemia during follow‐up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated intramuscular anaplastic plasma cell tumour in a dog

Lecot,

Chamel,

Marchal

et al. 2023

Vet Record Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions

Spyropoulou,

Montanes‐Sancho,

Gow

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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A 10‐year‐old female neutered Labrador Retriever presented with epistaxis, discoloration and crusting of the nose and a necrotic lesion on the lip. Bloodwork revealed pancytopenia, azotemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. Aggregates of amorphous basophilic material were seen in a room‐temperature blood smear which were not present in the sample after warming to 37°C, and grossly a cryoprecipitate was noted in the patient's serum at 4°C. This was interpreted as cryoglobulin. Computed tomography showed multiple heterogeneous lesions in the spleen. Cytology of the splenic lesions revealed marked plasma cell infiltration, consistent with neoplasia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed an increased proportion of plasma cells (approximately 38% of the total cells). Serum protein electrophoresis showed a monoclonal spike in the gamma globulin region. A diagnosis of multiple myeloma associated with cryoglobulinemia was made. The patient received palliative care with prednisolone while the owner was considering chemotherapy. However, she rapidly deteriorated and was euthanized. The combination of cryoglobulin precipitation and hyperviscosity syndrome was considered responsible for the patient's original symptoms. Cryoglobulinemia is an extremely rare phenomenon that is often associated with lymphoproliferative disorders. This report describes its association with multiple myeloma in a dog presenting with atypical initial signs.

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Cutaneous plasmacytosis in a dog (Caninus familiaris)

Mourão de Moraes,

de Alencar,

Maués

et al. 2024

Vet Record Case Reports

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Cutaneous plasmacytosis is rarely reported in veterinary medicine, but far more described in human medicine. Extramedullary plasmacytomas are plasma cell tumours without bone marrow involvement. This study aimed to report a case of a 7‐year‐old, mixed‐breed dog with a presumptive diagnosis of cutaneous plasmacytosis. At clinical examination, the dog presented 15 cutaneous nodules disseminated through the body. Cytopathological analysis revealed plasmacytoma in 13 out of 15 nodules. Thoracic radiography revealed radiopaque structures suggestive of pulmonary nodules, and abdominal ultrasonography indicated suspicion of a hepatic neoplastic process. The animal died during the diagnostic screening period, with a survival of 16 days from the initial consultation. Thus, further confirmatory tests such as histopathology and immunohistochemistry were not performed, and the pulmonary and hepatic lesions were not assessed. This report demonstrates the importance of cytopathology in the presumptive diagnosis of cutaneous plasmacytosis in a dog, considering the absence of other complementary examinations.

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Hypoglobulinemia in a dog with disseminated plasma cell neoplasia: Case report and review of the diagnostic criteria

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Disseminated intramuscular anaplastic plasma cell tumour in a dog

Disseminated intramuscular anaplastic plasma cell tumour in a dog

Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma in a Dog Presenting With Epistaxis and Skin Lesions

Cutaneous plasmacytosis in a dog (Caninus familiaris)

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