Hypoglycaemic activity of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles in alloxan‐induced diabetic Wister rats

Abstract

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to produce or use insulin. This study evaluated the hypoglycaemic activity of biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO‐NPs) in alloxan‐induced diabetic Wister rats. Methods CuO‐NPs were synthesized via the green route and characterized using different analytical tools. Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally using 90 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate in albino rats. Thirty (30) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6 rats each and orally treated for 21 days. Groups I and II were treated with 300 mg/kg bwt Cereus hildmannianus extract and CuO‐NPs, respectively. Groups III and IV received 5 mg/kg bwt of Glibenclamide and 2 mL of normal saline, respectively, while Group V was left untreated as the diabetic control. Blood glucose (BG) levels and body weight changes were monitored at 3‐ and 7‐day intervals, respectively, throughout 21‐day treatment period. Lipid profiles, enzyme assays and histopathological studies of the liver were also carried out. Results Spheroidal tenorite phase of CuO‐NPs with a crystallite size of 62.57 nm, surface area (20.64 m2/g) and a UV‐maximum absorption at 214.27 nm was formed. The diabetic rats treated with 300 mg/kg bwt CuO‐NPs had the highest BG lowering ability (from 482.75 ± 27.70 to 124.50 ± 2.50 mg/dL). A significant difference (p < 0.05) in weight gain and serum enzymes was also observed in the CuO‐NPs treated group compared with other groups. The CuO‐NPs‐treated group had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in HDL‐cholesterol and a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL‐cholesterol and VLDL‐cholesterol compared with other groups. Conclusion The green synthesized CuO‐NPs nanoparticles significantly reduced (p < 0.05) blood glucose levels in rats and other associated indices and could serve as drug lead in the treatment of diabetes.

Evaluating the biological (antidiabetic) potential of TEM, FTIR, XRD, and UV‐spectra observed berberis lyceum conjugated silver nanoparticles

“…Reduction in body mass was seen in alloxanized mice. Severe loss in body mass is due to loss or degradation of structural proteins (Umar et al, 2023). BLR‐AgNPs prevented the loss in body mass in alloxan‐induced diabetic mice and from this, it is evident that the BLR‐AgNPs possess a significant beneficial effect on body mass.…”

Exploring the In Vitro Antidiabetic Potential of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Lemongrass and Mint Formulation

“…Similarly, ZnONPs derived from Tridax procumbens leaf extract exhibited antidiabetic potential in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, effectively reducing blood glucose levels, preventing weight loss, and improving lipid profiles and glycated hemoglobin levels [ 14 ]. The literature also emphasizes the antidiabetic capabilities of ZnONPs, as well as other nanoparticles like selenium (Se) nanoparticles, magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, copper (Cu) nanoparticles, and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles [ 15 ]. Furthermore, ZnONP synthesis from Areca catechu leaf extract has shown antidiabetic properties in yeast models, suggesting their potential as an alternative diabetes treatment [ 16 ].…”

Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Studies of Metal Oxides Coupled Nanocomposites

“…CuO exhibits a spectrum of physicochemical properties that make it a compelling choice for numerous applications. However, some of the reports focused on investigating the antimicrobial activity of CuO NPs [9–11] . Notably, CuO is a more economical alternative to silver (Ag) and offers excellent compatibility with various metal oxides, non‐metal oxides, and polymers.…”

“…However, some of the reports focused on investigating the antimicrobial activity of CuO NPs. [9][10][11] Notably, CuO is a more economical alternative to silver (Ag) and offers excellent compatibility with various metal oxides, non-metal oxides, and polymers. Shirsat et al underscore the significance of CuO NPs, citing their distinctive crystal morphologies and impressive surface areas as key attributes in antimicrobial applications.…”