Hypoglycemia in the Newborn

Cornblath, Marvin; Joassin, Guy; Weisskopf, Bernard; Swiatek, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)31889-2

Cited by 55 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Such comparisons can be extended to all organs. One should bear in mind that extreme situations such as hypoglycemia occur in 5 % of all newborns, and in almost 20 % of premature and small-for-date babies (6,31). The free fatty acid (FFA) plasma levels increase rapidly after birth, in human newborns the FFA concentration triples within 2 h post partum (39), in rabbits this increase takes about 1 day (40).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Changes of Interorgan Differences in Cell Metabolism

Stave¹

1975

Neonatology

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Differences of metabolic qualities and capacities among organs and tissues of perinatal rabbits were investigated. A suitable alternative for the measurement of substrate utilization of single organs seems to be the total amount of certain key enzyme activities calculated for whole organs. The immediate perinatal period is the object of this study with adult animals serving as a reference. We have selected the phosphofructokinase activity to represent the upper segment of glycolytic reactions, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase as a key enzyme for (3-oxidation of fatty acids and citrate synthase activity to represent the Krebs cycle activity. In fetal, newborn, and adult rabbits we analyzed liver, kidneys, heart, lung, brain, brown and white adipose tissue, stomach and intestines, skin, a representative sample of skeletal muscles, and of bones. The organ weight distribution, total amount of protein, and DNA was determined for the same ten organs. The share each organ contributes to the total body key enzyme activity shows the importance of each metabolic capacity which is represented by the three enzymes. In perinatal adipose tissue the very high potential for energy production through utilization of Krebs cycle reactions is striking. The same tissue has a high capacity to oxidize fatty acids. The skeletal muscle represents the biggest capacity of glycolytic reactions in all age groups. After birth the metabolic profile of the whole organism shows a marked and steep increase of glycolytic capacity, whereas the capacity to oxidize fatty acids decreases slowly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Changes of Interorgan Differences in Cell Metabolism

Stave¹

1975

Neonatology

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“…A diferencia de lo descrito por la literatura (19,26,27,28,29), no tenemos ningún caso de hipoglicemia, aunque en el grupo LMX la variación producida en la glicemia por la administración del suplemento llevó a los pacientes en algunos casos a valores cercanos a hipoglicemia; esto podría deberse a que hemos dejado fuera del estudio a todos los neonatos con factores conocidos como causales de hipoglicemia.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Administración de agua y glucosa en las primeras horas de vida. ¿Es realmente necesario?.

Chiarella¹,

Zegarra²,

Caravedo³

2013

Rev Med Hered

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SUMMARYThe neonatal feeding therapy has been changed in the last years, exclusive breast feeding is stimulated. Some people doubts about needs of suplementation during the first hours of life. 103 newborns were included, all were normal, without any risk factors. Divided in 2 groups: EBF (52): Exclusive Breast Feeding and SBF (51): Suplementation (two 5% dextrose suplements) and Breast Feeding. Glycemia, hematocrit, EPG (Especific plasmatic gravity) were used for statistics. Glycemia at birth oscillated between 75 and 98mg%, after 6 hours decreased to 63 and 78mg%. Highest media and biggest standard desviation, has been seen in SBF group at 6 of live. Glycemia rised more quickly in patients who received suplement. The hematocrit, EPG and weight have similar variations in al groups. We conclude that administration of dextrose suplement is unnecessary to keep the glycemia and hidratation of the normal newborn even if breast feeding starts within the first 12 hours of life (Rev Med Hered 1993;1:20-25) KEY WORDS: Breast feeding, newborn, suplementation, newborn glycemia. RESUMENLas prácticas en la nutrición del recién nacido han variado; se fomenta la lactancia materna exclusiva y se discute la necesidad de administrar un suplemento de glucosa y agua durante las primeras horas de vida para mantener la glicemia e hidratación. Para investigar al respecto se estudiaron 103 neonatos normales y sin factores de riesgo, divididos en 2 grupos: Lactancia Materna Exclusiva (LME) (52), Lactancia Mixta (LMX) (51), 2

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“…1968;Schreibenbreiter el al., 1968], Glucose tolerance tests performed in intra-uterine malnourished newborn in fants demonstrated that the rate of glucose utilization was very much the same as in well-nourished and well-grown newborn infants [Schreibenbreiter et al, 1968;G entz et al, 1969b]. According to the observations of Cornblath et al [1966Cornblath et al [ , 1967, a low glucose tolerance could be observed even in hypoglycaemic dysmature babies. Recently, G entz et al [1969a] re ported a very fast clearance rate of glucose in 'small for date' infants with symptomatic hypoglycaemia where as in asymptomatic cases glucose utiliza tion did not differ from that observed in normal-term infants.…”

Section: Discussion the Disappearance Rate O F Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%