Hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharides from corn silk (Maydis stigma) and their beneficial roles via regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in L6 skeletal muscle myotubes

Guo, Qingwen; Chen, Zhongqin; Santhanam, Ramesh Kumar; Xu, Leilei; Gao, Xudong; Ma, Qiqi; Xue, Zihan; Chen, Hạixia

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.100

Cited by 73 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…After degradation, the uronic acid content of polysaccharide (25.6% to 31.3%) was higher than that of CSP0 (19.6%), and CSP3 with molecular weight of 6.0 kDa was the highest (31.3%); when the molecular weight was lower than or higher than 6.0 kDa, the uronic acid content decreased. The uronic acid content of CSPs is basically consistent with the results reported in the literature [15,31]. 4 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 3.2.…”

Section: Degradation Of Corn Silk Polysaccharide Andsupporting

confidence: 89%

Modulation of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth and Protection from Oxidatively Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells of Corn Silk Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights

Chen

Sun

Ouyang

2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Corn silk polysaccharide (CSP0; molecular weight=124 kDa) was degraded by ultrasonication to obtain five degraded polysaccharides, namely, CSP1, CSP2, CSP3, CSP4, and CSP5, with molecular weights of 26.1, 12.2, 6.0, 3.5, and 2.0 kDa, respectively. The structures of these polysaccharides were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analyses. The antioxidant activities, including scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals and DPPH free radicals, chelation ability for Fe2+ ions, and reducing ability of CSP increased with decreased molecular weight of CSPs within 6.0 to 124 kDa. However, antioxidant activity weakened when the molecular weight of CSPs reached 3.5 and 2 kDa. CSP3 with a molecular weight of 6.0 kDa exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. After protection with 60 μg/mL CSPs, the viability of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) damaged by nano-COM crystals increased, the level of reactive oxygen species decreased, and the amount of COM crystal adhered onto the cell surface decreased. The ability of CSPs to protect cells from CaOx crystal damage was consistent with their antioxidant activity. CSPs can specifically combine with CaOx crystal to inhibit the conversion of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystal to calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal. All these results showed that the activity of CSPs was closely correlated with molecular weight. A very high or low molecular weight of CSPs was not conducive to their activity. CSPs, especially CSP3 with a molecular weight of 6.0 kDa, can be used as a potential antistone drug.

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Section: Degradation Of Corn Silk Polysaccharide Andsupporting

confidence: 89%

Modulation of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth and Protection from Oxidatively Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells of Corn Silk Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights

Chen

Sun

Ouyang

2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Owing to this, the component analysis is especially important for the comprehensive understanding of TCM. Corn silk, an important TCM comprising the dried yellowish stigma and silk of corn fruit, has been widely applied for disorders such as diabetes , cancer , obesity , hypertension , inflammation , fatigue , and others . Modern studies elucidated that corn silk consists of numerous constituents such as polysaccharides , flavonoids , diterpenoids , alkaloids , steroids , and more .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid analysis and characterization of multiple constituents of corn silk aqueous extract using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Wang

Liu

Fan

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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Corn silk is a well‐known traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used for its antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and other effects in China for thousands of years. Numerous studies have revealed that corn silk contains multiple bioactive constituents that are beneficial for human health. However, the constituents of corn silk in vivo remain ambiguous. In this study, high‐throughput ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry technology using multivariate statistical analysis was established to systematically investigate the constituents migrating into blood from corn silk aqueous extract. As a result, 76 compounds were identified, including caffeic acid and ten of its derivatives, (E)‐p‐coumaric acid and two of its derivatives, ferulic acid and four of its derivatives, and five flavones. Among the identified constituents, 21 constituents, including nine prototype components and 12 metabolites derived from eight components, were characterized in sequence. Based on the significance of the results, the applied approach was powerful for the accurate determination and rapid screening of bioactive components from corn silk aqueous extract. The obtained results are valuable for the in‐depth understanding and further pharmacological study of corn silk aqueous extract.

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“…Thus, our observations indicate SPs reduced hyperglycemia by potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and decreasing insulin resistance, whereas metformin decreased serum glucose levels mainly by enhancing insulin sensitivity. Previous studies have demonstrated that the consumption of silk proteins improves serum glucose concentrations mainly by improving insulin sensitivity [24,25]. However, no previous study has addressed the potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dried cocoon hydrolysates of silkworms (Bombyx mori L.) were provided by Worldway Co. Ltd. (Sejong, Korea) and stored at −20 • C. Hydrolysates were prepared by washing the cocoons in 13-15 volumes of water and reacting with 2N HCl at 100-110 • C for 12 h. Acid hydrolyzed peptides were filtered and desalted to <0.3% at pH 5.5-7.5. Hydrolysates were then sterilized, concentrated to [20][21][22][23][24][25] Brix by low-pressure evaporation, and spray dried. Amino acid contents of silk peptides (SPs) were measured using an amino acid analyzer (L-8500; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan), as described previously [5].…”

Section: Acid Hydrolyzed Silk Peptides (Sps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid Hydrolyzed Silk Peptide Consumption Improves Anti-Diabetic Symptoms by Potentiating Insulin Secretion and Preventing Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Animals

et al. 2020

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Silk fibroin hydrolysates have been reported to reduce hyperglycemia, but the mechanism has not been determined in Asian type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We hypothesized that the consumption of acid hydrolyzed silk peptides (SPs) alleviates hyperglycemia by improving insulin sensitivity and subsequently normalizing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in T2DM. We investigated this hypothesis in a partial pancreatectomized (Px) rat model. Px rats was assigned randomly to the following six groups and fed assigned diet for 8 weeks: the Px-control (0.5 g/kg/day dextrin), the SP-L (0.05 g/kg/day), the SP-M (0.1 g/kg/day), the SP-H (0.5 g/kg/day), the positive-control (40 mg/kg/day metformin), or the normal-control (sham-operated rats; 0.5 g/kg/day dextrin). SPs contained high levels of glycine, alanine, and serine. We found SPs dose-dependently increased food efficiency and body weight gain in Px rats. Animals in the Px-control group rats exhibited lower glucose metabolism, as evidenced by impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion coupled with impaired insulin sensitivity, and reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and lean body mass (LBM), compared to the normal-control. SPs and metformin similarly partially protected against Px-induced BMD loss in the lumbar spine and femur. Px-induced decreases in LBM were dose-dependently prevented by SPs, and muscle forces in the SP-M and SP-H groups were maintained at the normal-control level. Glucose tolerance was dose-dependently improved by SPs as determined by oral glucose tolerance and oral maltose tolerance tests, and glucose tolerances were similar in the SP-H and positive-control groups. Insulin tolerance, an index of insulin sensitivity, was dose-dependently enhanced by SPs, and the SP-H group exhibited better insulin tolerance than the positive-control group as determined by intraperitoneal insulin sensitivity testing. Insulin secretory capacity assessed using a hyperglycemic clamp improved in the following order: Px-control <SA-L <SA-M <positive-control <SA-H <normal-control. SP-M prevented gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, SPs administered at 0.1–0.5 g/kg/day improved glucose regulation by potentiating both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in non-obese T2DM rats.

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Hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharides from corn silk (Maydis stigma) and their beneficial roles via regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in L6 skeletal muscle myotubes

Cited by 73 publications

References 43 publications

Modulation of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth and Protection from Oxidatively Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells of Corn Silk Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights

Modulation of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth and Protection from Oxidatively Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells of Corn Silk Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights

Rapid analysis and characterization of multiple constituents of corn silk aqueous extract using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Acid Hydrolyzed Silk Peptide Consumption Improves Anti-Diabetic Symptoms by Potentiating Insulin Secretion and Preventing Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Animals

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