Hypogonadism

Ross, A. H. McLean; Bhasin, Shalender

doi:10.1016/j.ucl.2016.01.002

Cited by 56 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…In contrast to literature that suggests hypergonadotropic hypogonadism as being more common than hypogonadotropic hypogonadism [1], NIHH was the main cause of hypogonadism in our population. This could be explained by the fact that our population was relatively small, and hospital based rather than community based.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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The clinical and psychological profiles of patients with hypogonadism, followed in 3 reference hospitals of Cameroon: an observational study

Etoga¹,

Akwa²,

Boli³

et al. 2019

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction Hypogonadism refers to a syndrome that results from failure of gonads to function properly. The main concern is considerable rise in morbidity, as shown by increased cardiovascular risk, infertility, osteoporosis and above all, the psychological impact on the life of the patients with hypogonadism. Judicious steroid replacement and culturally-sensitive psychological support before and during steroid therapy remains the key tool in the management of this condition. The present study aimed at filling the knowledge gap on hypogonadism in Cameroon. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study over a period of 12 months, in 3 reference hospitals of Cameroon. We included males and females diagnosed with hypogonadism, aged 16 to 50 years and 16 to 45 years respectively. After a complete clinical examination, patients were invited to fill the modified middlesex hospital questionnaire for psychoneurotic evaluation. Results We recruited 59 patients with a sex ratio of 1:1. The mean age of the females and males were 27.7 ± 9.1years and 30.8 ± 11.7 years respectively. Normosmic Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (NIHH) was the most common presentation. Compulsive obsessive traits, phobic anxiety and hysterical trait, were most pronounced in these patients. Testosterone titers significantly correlated positively with testicular size and negatively with body mass index (BMI). A significant positive correlation was found between the testicular volumes measured with ultrasound (US) and with the orchidometer. Conclusion Normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is the most common presentation of hypogonadism in the study population. There is a significant psychosocial impact requiring further investigation and attention.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Hypogonadism refers to a syndrome that results from failure of gonadal function. It is a relatively rare disease that is underdiagnosed, with an unknown combined prevalence in both males and females worldwide [1]. Moreover, data is scarce in Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical and psychological profiles of patients with hypogonadism, followed in 3 reference hospitals of Cameroon: an observational study

Etoga¹,

Akwa²,

Boli³

et al. 2019

Pan Afr Med J

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“…The two Sertoli cell hormones, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B, participate in the regulation of genital masculinization and negative feedback regulation of FSH secretion, respectively. Likewise, the HPG axis has a key role in completing phenotypic differentiation and development of the fetus and male sexual maturation at puberty and into adulthood 3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Paediatric and adult-onset male hypogonadism

Salonia

Rastrelli

Hackett

et al. 2019

Nat Rev Dis Primers

202

192

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The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is of relevance in many processes related to the development, maturation and ageing of the male. Through this axis, a cascade of coordinated activities is carried out leading to sustained testicular endocrine function, with gonadal testosterone production, as well as exocrine function, with spermatogenesis. Conditions impairing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during paediatric or pubertal life may result in delayed puberty. Late-onset hypogonadism is a clinical condition in the ageing male combining low

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“…3,12,25,38,40,49,148 Some aspects related to the diagnosis of hypogonadism do not differ according to the patients' age (e.g., categories of hypogonadism), while for other aspects (e.g., causes of hypogonadism, signs and symptoms, and serum T thresholds) the patients' age does matter. 40,49,149,150 Classification of LOH In general, 2 main forms of hypogonadism can be distinguished: (a) primary hypogonadism (or hypergonadotropic hypogonadism), where the site of origin is the testis and which is characterized by low T levels with high gonadotropins levels, and (b) secondary hypogonadism (or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism), in which there is hypothalamic and/or pituitary failure causing low gonadotropins production and consequent low T levels 12,25,49,148 (Fig. 2).…”

Section: The Clinical Diagnosis Of Loh: Lights and Shadowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,151,152 Causes of LOH In younger men hypogonadism (both hypergonadotropic and hypogonadotropic) is usually due to wellknown causes, which can be congenital or acquired, and the site of origin is easily recognizable. 40,49,149,150 Conversely, many different factors, some of which are still not well defined, contribute to the decrease of T production in aging men (Table 1). For example, aging "per se" is known to induce a progressive dysfunction of Leydig cells, but age-advanced typical chronic comorbidities (e.g., cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic renal failure and chronic liver failure) are also associated with low serum T (Table 1).…”

Section: The Clinical Diagnosis Of Loh: Lights and Shadowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and sex hormones in males

2016

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Several large cohort studies have disclosed the trajectories of sex steroids changes overtime in men and their clinical significance. In men the slow, physiological decline of serum testosterone (T) with advancing age overlaps with the clinical condition of overt, pathological hypogonadism. In addition, the increasing number of comorbidities, together with the high prevalence of chronic diseases, all further contribute to the decrease of serum T concentrations in the aging male. For all these reasons both the diagnosis of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) in men and the decision about starting or not T replacement treatment remain challenging. At present, the biochemical finding of T deficiency alone is not sufficient for diagnosing hypogonadism in older men. Coupling hypogonadal symptoms with documented low serum T represents the best strategy to refine the diagnosis of hypogonadism in older men and to avoid unnecessary treatments.

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Hypogonadism

Cited by 56 publications

References 76 publications

The clinical and psychological profiles of patients with hypogonadism, followed in 3 reference hospitals of Cameroon: an observational study

The clinical and psychological profiles of patients with hypogonadism, followed in 3 reference hospitals of Cameroon: an observational study

Paediatric and adult-onset male hypogonadism

Aging and sex hormones in males

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