Hypolimnetic Aeration and Zooplankton Distribution: A Possible Limitation to the Restoration of Cold-Water Fish Production

Taggart, Christopher T.

doi:10.1139/f84-020

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Shapiro and Wright (1984) were unable to establish a DO refuge since quantities of oxygen injected into the metalimnion could not compensate for the high BOD in Round Lake, Minnesota, USA. Despite hypolimnetic aeration throughout the summer of a small kettle lake in Ontario, Canada, high BOD resulted in anoxia after mid-July or August in the hypolimnion; hydrogen sulfide accumulated in the metalimnion and restricted zooplankton to the epilimnion (Taggart 1984). Successful establishment of a DO refuge will likely only occur when internal cycling of phosphorus and external nutrient loading are reduced.…”

Section: Refuge Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a Metalimnetic Oxygen Refuge for Zooplankton in a Productive Lake Ontario Embayment

Klumb

Bunch

Mills

et al. 2004

Ecological Applications

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Hypolimnetic oxygen injection is a management tool used to improve water quality by preventing anoxia and associated phosphorus release from the sediments. An additional benefit would be formation of a low‐oxygen refuge for large‐bodied herbivorous zooplankton in the metalimnion. The magnitude and timing of hypolimnetic oxygenation was deliberately manipulated during summer 1997 in Irondequoit Bay, a eutrophic Lake Ontario embayment (New York, USA), to maintain metalimnetic dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in the range of 1–2 mg/L. We assessed the vertical distributions of fish and zooplankton in 1997, a year with controlled oxygenation, and 1996, a year with oxygenation but without a deliberate attempt to create amenable refuge conditions. After initiation of oxygenation, June through early August metalimnetic DO in 1997 was 1.8 ± 0.5 mg/L (means ± 2 se), whereas metalimnetic DO in 1996 was 3.8 ± 1.0 mg/L. Hydroacoustic surveys in 1997 and gillnet catches in both years indicated that >96% of planktivorous fish, alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) and emerald shiners (Notropis atherinoides), were restricted to depths with DO > 4.0 mg/L. A refuge effect in 1996 was slight and evidenced only by significantly larger zooplankton in the metalimnion while densities of Daphnia galeata medotae and D. retrocurva were similar or significantly greater in the epilimnion. In 1997, the refuge effect was strong despite an almost twofold increase in planktivorous fish abundance compared to 1996. Overall zooplankton densities were similar in the epilimnion and metalimnion while zooplankton size and densities of both daphnids were significantly greater in the metalimnion. Densities of an invertebrate predator, Mesocyclops edax, were also significantly higher in the metalimnion compared to the epilimnion. Despite high fish abundance in 1997, mean summer (late May through August) chlorophyll a decreased 29% compared to 1996, consistent with expectations from grazing by large Daphnia protected in the refuge. Presence of large‐bodied zooplankton in 1997 despite high planktivore abundance demonstrated that successful creation of a low‐oxygen refuge from fish predation was possible in an open Great Lakes embayment where traditional biomanipulation via fish removal was not practical.

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Section: Refuge Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a Metalimnetic Oxygen Refuge for Zooplankton in a Productive Lake Ontario Embayment

Klumb

Bunch

Mills

et al. 2004

Ecological Applications

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“…McQUEEN et STORY (1986) affirmèrent que la composition et la succession du phytoplancton n'étaient pas modifiées par l'aération, et que la biomasse et la productivité primaire augmentaient ou ne variaient pas. TAGGART (1984) observa qu'aucune recherche sur l'effet de l'aération sur le zooplancton n'avait été publiée avant 1984, et McQUEEN et STORY (1986 ne trouvèrent que cinq articles sur ce sujet. Ces auteurs conclurent de leur expérience que l'influence de l'aération sur le zooplankton était négligeable.…”

Section: Discussion Et Conclusionunclassified

“…Il fut donc décidé -avant d'appliquer cette méthode au lac tout entier -d'effectuer deux expériences au moyen de la méthode de 1*"enceinte". Des enceintes furent utilisées dans le même but par d'autres auteurs (par exemple, McQUEEN et LEAN, 1983, 1984McLEAK et STORY, 1986). Nous avons réalisé deux expériences : l'une du 26 septembre au 9 décembre 1986, l'autre du 22 avril au 30 novembre 1987.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Les effets de l'oxygénation dans un lac eutrophe étudiés par la méthode de l'«enceinte»

Ravera¹,

Riccardi²

2005

rseau

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Le lac de Comabhio (Lombardie, Italie du Nord) est un lac peu profond (z- = 4,4 m) en comparaison à sa surface (3,44 km2). L'eutrophisation naturelle du lac a été accélérée par l'apport d'effluents domestiques pas traités. Pour améliorer la situation, les effluents conduits par un collecteur circumlacustre, ont été recueillis à l'extérieur du bassin versant.Les effets seront visibles seulement dans plusieurs années et ces interventions ne seront pas suffisantes pour ramener le lac à l'état de mésotrophie. Afin d'accélérer l'assainissement du lac, mais surtout pour éviter la forte mortalité du poisson périodiquement à la fin de l'été, on a pris la décision d'oxygéner artificiellement l'hypolimnion. Pour prévoir les effets de l'oxygénation on a fait une expérience dans le lac avec deux enceintes en PVC (diamètre : 40 m; profondeur : 6 m; volume : 7000 m3). On a gardé une enceinte comme témoin; dans l'autre a été insufflé de l'oxygène pur. On a recueilli, à certains intervalles de temps, des échantillons d'eau et de plancton du lac et des deux enceintes. Les éléments nutritifs ont été analysés; la température, la transparence, la conductivité et le pH ont été mesurés sur place. L'effet le plus visible du traitement consistait dans une augmentation de la concentration de l'oxygène visant à produire des conditions normales pour la vie des poissons. Les effets de l'oxygénation sur les caractéristiques chimiques, physiques et biologiques du milieu sont discutés.Lake Comabbio (Lombardy, Northern Itaty) is a shallow Lake (zmax = 8.0 m; z-= 4.4 m; surface = 3.44 km2). Its naturally high trophic level has been increased by the huge nutrient loading from domestic effluents. Each year (except in winter, when commonly the lake is covered with ice) more phytoplankton blooms are observed and in the late summer oxygen depletion, with a consequent mass mortality of fish, occurs.At present, to reduce the nutrient charge, the effluents are collected in a channel and diverted from the lake watershed. Because of the significant nutrient release from the sediment ("internal eutrophication") the reduction of the external loading may slow the eutrophication rate, but it is not sufficient to restore the lake to an acceptable mesotrophic state within a reasonable time.To prevent the periodic mass mortality of fish and possibly to accelerate the restoration process of the ecosystem, the Lake Comabbio Protection Committee decided to oxygenate the hypolimnetic layer artificially. In order to avoid undesirable effects of aeration (e.g. nitrogen enrichment of lake water), dissolved oxygen injection was preferred. As there is no general agreement on the ecological effects of the oxygen (or air) addition it was decided, before applying oxygenation to the whole lake, to carry out experiments using the "enclosure" method. One experiment was carried out from 26th September to 9th December 1986 and this was replicated in 1987 from 22nd April to 30th November. This paper is concerned with the first experiment, as data treatment of the second is still ...

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“…Like Ashley (1), we observed higher summer-fall cyclopoid populations in the aerated enclosure, but unlike him, the calanoid populations in both enclosures were very similar. Taggart (30), found that a metalimnetic barrier comprising low concentrations of DO and high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide resulted in zooplankton populations that were restricted to the epilimnion. The exception was Filinia longiseta which was found in the hypolimnion.…”

Section: Zooplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of hypolimnetic aeration on zooplankton and phytoplankton populations

McQueen

Story

1986

Environmental Technology Letters

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The biological impact of hypolimnetic aeration was assessed using large, paired enclosures.During the spring, chlorophyll a concentrations and phytoplankton cell counts were much lower in the aerated, enclosure than they were in the non-aerated experiment. During the summer, cell counts and biomasses were similar in both.The aerated and non-aerated enclosures showed no major differences in zooplankton distributions, species composition or successional patterns. We conclude that hypolimnetic aeration can reduce the intensity of spring algal blooms without posing an environmental threat to phytoplankton and zooplankton populations.

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Hypolimnetic Aeration and Zooplankton Distribution: A Possible Limitation to the Restoration of Cold-Water Fish Production

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Establishment of a Metalimnetic Oxygen Refuge for Zooplankton in a Productive Lake Ontario Embayment

Establishment of a Metalimnetic Oxygen Refuge for Zooplankton in a Productive Lake Ontario Embayment

Les effets de l'oxygénation dans un lac eutrophe étudiés par la méthode de l'«enceinte»

Impact of hypolimnetic aeration on zooplankton and phytoplankton populations

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