Hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of thymoquinone and limonene in atherogenic suspension fed rats

Ahmad, Shafeeque; Beg, Zafarul H.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.109

Cited by 99 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…HMG-CoA reductase an important rate-limiting enzyme regulates cholesterol level. As in our previous experiments, administration of ME, VO and their TQ and LMN fractions in atherogenic suspension fed rats, the activity of HMG-CoA reductase was effectively decreased when compared to NLP-C rats (Ahmad and Beg 2013a; Ahmad and Beg 2013b). Reduced activity of HMG-CoA reductase was apparently due to involved in two related mechanisms: suppression of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase mRNA expression and enhanced low-density lipoproteins (LDL) receptor gene, as reported by Al-Naqeep et al (2009) in rats treated with thymoquinone rich fraction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The essential fatty acid, ω-6 linoleic acid (Spady et al 1993), or ω-6 linoleic acid in the presence of palmitic acid has the hypolipidemic property (Champe et al 2008). In our previous studies, hypolipidemic as well as antioxidant efficacies of methanolic extract (ME), volatile oil (VO) from NS seed oil and their constituents, TQ and limonene (LMN) were investigated, which effectively improved cardiometabolic risk parameters (Ahmad and Beg 2013a; Ahmad and Beg 2013b). However, a limited number of studies regarding NS seed oil, ME, VO, TQ and LMN have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigating role of thymoquinone rich fractions from Nigella sativa oil and its constituents, thymoquinone and limonene on lipidemic-oxidative injury in rats

Ahmad

Beg

2014

SpringerPlus

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Therapeutic role of Nigella sativa (NS) seed oil fractions, methanolic extract (ME) and volatile oil (VO) and their constituents, thymoquinone (TQ) and limonene (LMN) in relation to lipidemic-oxidative stress in Wistar rats was determined. The total phenolic contents of NS seed oil and their ME and VO extracts were 320.00 ± 3.00, 300.12 ± 0.04 and 288.41 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of NS oil, respectively. Their Fe+2 chelating activities were 870.00 ± 2.00, 222.31 ± 5.80 and 38.59 ± 1.43 mg EDTA equivalents per 100 g of NS oil, respectively. These fractions and compounds exhibited strong antioxidant activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl, 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radicals. Potential antiperoxidative effects of these fractions and compounds were also observed in liposome, and lipidemic-induced lipid peroxidation in atherogenic suspension fed rats, pretreated with 100 mg ME, 20 mg VO, 10 mg pure TQ or 200 mg LMN for 30 days. ME containing ω-6 linoleic acid and palmitic acid natural compounds was highly effective against lipidemic oxidative stress than VO extract possessing thymol and isothymol phenolic natural antioxidant compounds. TQ, principal compound shared to both the extracts. The test fractions and compounds effectively reduced the erythrocyte and liver lipid peroxidation markers, conjugated diene, lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde to near normal levels in the order ME > TQ > VO > LMN, by directly counteracting free radicals as well as suppressing hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity. Our findings demonstrated that these natural products, preferably ME possess significant antioxidant activities, and may be recommended as new potential sources of natural antioxidants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating role of thymoquinone rich fractions from Nigella sativa oil and its constituents, thymoquinone and limonene on lipidemic-oxidative injury in rats

Ahmad

Beg

2014

SpringerPlus

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“…Towards this goal, several natural medications with different lipid lowering mechanisms have been studied extensively for the prevention of hyperlipidemia and CVD in DM; however, none have been recommended to be effective in improving long-term outcomes [53]. Thus, based on our present findings and previously published data [13,14,17,21], TQ appears to be the most promising alternative anti-dyslipidemic agent to manage hyperlipidemia in diabetic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Several preclinical studies and some clinical reports have demonstrated the favorable euglycemic control, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-dyslipidemic, anti-atherogenic, and broad tissue protective effects of TQ, which collectively appear to be of value in improving DM therapy and alleviating its serious multi-organ complications [15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. In addition, a large body of reports has evidenced that TQ is a highly safe natural agent with no serious toxicity [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacotherapy with Thymoquinone Improved Pancreatic β-Cell Integrity and Functional Activity, Enhanced Islets Revascularization, and Alleviated Metabolic and Hepato-Renal Disturbances in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats

El-Shemi¹,

Kensara

Alsaegh³

et al. 2017

Pharmacology

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Aims: This study is aimed at evaluating the antidiabetic effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats, and exploring the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared STZ (65 mg/kg). After disease induction, 42 rats were equally assigned to: controls, STZ-diabetic group, and STZ-diabetic group treated with oral TQ (35 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. Fasting blood glucose levels were determined weekly, and the animals were euthanized at day 38 post-STZ injection. Blood samples were assessed for glucose-insulin homeostasis parameters (plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity index) and lipid profile. Resected pancreases were subjected to histological examination and immunohistochemical or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assessment to determine the pancreatic expression of insulin sensitizing β-cells, anti-apoptotic protein “survivin,” apoptosis-inducer “caspase-3,” prototypic angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and endothelial cluster of differentiation 31 [CD31]), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta [IL-1β] and interleukin-10 [IL-10], respectively), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The hepato-renal statuses were assessed biochemically and histologically. Results: Therapy with TQ markedly improved the integrity of pancreatic islets, glucose-insulin homeostasis-related parameters, lipid profile parameters, and hepato-renal functional and histomorphological statuses that collectively were severely deteriorated in untreated diabetic group. Mechanistically, TQ therapy efficiently increased insulin producing β-cells, upregulated survivin, VEGF, CD31, IL-10, GSH and SOD, and downregulated caspase-3, IL-1β, and TBARSs in the pancreatic tissues of STZ-diabetic rats. Conclusions: These findings prove the anti-diabetic potential of TQ and its efficacy in regenerating pancreatic β-cells and ameliorating pancreatic inflammation and oxidative stress, and highlight its novelty in repressing apoptosis of β-cells and enhancing islet revascularization in STZ-diabetic rats. Further studies are required to support these findings and realize their possible clinical significance.

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“…These protective effects included improvement of lipid profile parameters (TC, LDL-C, TG, and HDL-C), counterbalancing cholesterol-induced endothelial damage, and formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic lesions [48]. Thymoquinone administration twice daily has also been effective on lipid profile modifying in hyperlipidemic rats [49]. In a similar study on hypercholesterolemic rabbits, thymoquinone significantly reduced TC and LDL-C concentrations at two different doses of 10 mg/ kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day following 8 weeks of treatment [50].…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative effects of Nigella sativa on dyslipidemia

Asgary

Sahebkar

Goli-malekabadi

2015

J Endocrinol Invest

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Hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of thymoquinone and limonene in atherogenic suspension fed rats

Cited by 99 publications

References 58 publications

Mitigating role of thymoquinone rich fractions from Nigella sativa oil and its constituents, thymoquinone and limonene on lipidemic-oxidative injury in rats

Mitigating role of thymoquinone rich fractions from Nigella sativa oil and its constituents, thymoquinone and limonene on lipidemic-oxidative injury in rats

Pharmacotherapy with Thymoquinone Improved Pancreatic β-Cell Integrity and Functional Activity, Enhanced Islets Revascularization, and Alleviated Metabolic and Hepato-Renal Disturbances in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats

Ameliorative effects of Nigella sativa on dyslipidemia

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