Hyponatremia and the risk of kidney stones: A matched case-control study in a large U.S. health system

Tominaga, Naoto; Fernandez, Stephen; Shara, Nawar; Verbalis, Joseph G.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203942

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent article has reported that chronic hyponatremia (mainly due to SIADH) is associated with a higher risk of kidney stones [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urine Calcium/Creatinine Ratio and Uricemia during Hyponatremia of Different Origins: Clinical Implications

Decaux

Musch²

2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Chronic hyponatremia is known to be associated with osteoporosis. It has been shown that chronic hyponatremia increases bone resorption in an attempt to release body stores of exchangeable sodium by different mechanisms. We wanted to know the calciuria of patients with hyponatremia of different origins. Material and Methods: We made a retrospective study of 114 consecutive patients with asymptomatic hyponatremia of different origins with the usual serum and urine chemistry. Result: In hyponatremia due to SIADH, we had a high urine calcium/creatinine ratio of 0.23 ± 0.096 while in patients with salt depletion the UCa/UCr ratio was low (0.056 ± 0.038), in patients with hyponatremia secondary to thiazide intake the value was also low (0.075 ± 0.047) as in hypervolemic patients (0.034 ± 0.01). In hyponatremia due to polydipsia, the value was high (0.205 ± 0.10). Correction of hyponatremia in the euvolemic patients was associated with a significant decrease in the UCa/UCr ratio. In patients with hyponatremia secondary to thiazide intake, we noted that in the patients with low uric acid levels (<4 mg/dL, suggesting euvolemia) we also observed a low UCa/UCr (<0.10). In nine patients with chronic SIADH (SNa 125.1 ± 3.6 mEq/L), the 24 h urine calcium excretion was 275 ± 112 mg and decreased to 122 ± 77 mg (p < 0.01) after at least 2 weeks of treatment. Conclusions: Patients with chronic hyponatremia due to SIADH usually have a high UCa/UCr ratio (>0.15). This is also observed in hyponatremia secondary to polydipsia. Patients with thiazide-induced hyponatremia usually have low UCa/UCr levels and this is the case even among those with a biochemistry similar to that in SIADH (uric acid < 4 mg/dL).

show abstract

“…A recent article has reported that chronic hyponatremia (mainly due to SIADH) is associated with a higher risk of kidney stones [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urine Calcium/Creatinine Ratio and Uricemia during Hyponatremia of Different Origins: Clinical Implications

Decaux

Musch²

2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…X-ray powder diffraction is easy and can be done on small stone samples. It can accurately analyze the crystal components of the stone and differentiate between them [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics and Stone Types of Patients with Kidney Staghorn Stone in a Tertiary Referral Center in Iran

Sharifiaghdas¹,

Taheri²,

Nikravesh³

et al. 2023

TOUNJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective In the past, infectious agents were assumed to be the leading cause of staghorn stones. The metabolic factors were thought to be a secondary cause. However, recent research has shown that any stone can fill the pelvis and calyces in the same manner as a staghorn stone. This retrospective study investigated the relationship between the staghorn stone’s chemical composition and patients’ demographic characteristics by analyzing the stone samples. Methods The medical records of 170 patients with staghorn stones were studied from a tertiary referral center in central of Iran. Then, the specimens of their stones were sent to the laboratory for infrared spectroscopy and x-ray powder diffraction analyses. Results The mean age and body mass index were 49.66 years and 29.1 kg/m2, respectively. Men comprised the majority of patients. Of the entire cohort, 13.6% had diabetes and 28.6% hypertension. Sixty-eight of the stones were pure stones. Calcium oxalate and uric acid constituted the majority of the pure stones. Only 1.7% of the pure stones were composed of struvite. Most of the non-pure or mixed stones were composed of uric acid, plus a small composition of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Discussion However, 16.% of the mixed stones were struvites, confirming a metabolic background. In adjusted model (age, BMI, presence of hypertension), patients with diabetes have a 14-fold higher chance of developing a mixed stone (P= 0.018; OR:14.113; CI=1.582-125.924). Conclusion The complete staghorn stone forms for the same reasons as other kidney stones. It appears that infectious background is not the predominant cause in the current era. Alterations in living conditions and nutrition might also be a reason which require further investigation.

show abstract

“…Hyponatremia is a prevalent disorder of water homeostasis in a variety of clinical settings. Hyponatremia is associated not only with falls, fractures, osteoporosis, and kidney stones but also with a higher likelihood of morbidity and mortality, which are significant social issues (1)(2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tonicity Matters, Especially in Complex Hyponatremia Resulting from Pseudo-, Trans-locational, and True Hypotonic Hyponatremia: An Educational Case Report

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serum tonicity is defined by the serum concentrations of sodium (sNa) and glucose, which can promote free water movement across intra/extracellular compartments. Rapid changes in serum tonicity can cause brain damage. We herein report an educational case of a patient with hyponatremia (sNa: 112 mEq/L) concomitant with acute alcoholic pancreatitis. The cause of hyponatremia was considered complex. Pseudo-and trans-locational natremia was secondary to hyperglycemia (721 mg/dL) and hypertriglyceridemia (1768 mg/ dL), respectively, and true hypotonic hyponatremia. Regarding sNa correction, rapid correction was suspected. However, this was safely managed by monitoring tonicity (not sNa or osmolarity), thereby avoiding brain damage.

show abstract

Hyponatremia and the risk of kidney stones: A matched case-control study in a large U.S. health system

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

The Urine Calcium/Creatinine Ratio and Uricemia during Hyponatremia of Different Origins: Clinical Implications

The Urine Calcium/Creatinine Ratio and Uricemia during Hyponatremia of Different Origins: Clinical Implications

Clinical Characteristics and Stone Types of Patients with Kidney Staghorn Stone in a Tertiary Referral Center in Iran

Tonicity Matters, Especially in Complex Hyponatremia Resulting from Pseudo-, Trans-locational, and True Hypotonic Hyponatremia: An Educational Case Report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About