Hyponatremia Induced by Drugs

Liamis, Georgé; Elisaf, Moses

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6645-1_6

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…This is different from studies in developed countries which have found that thiazides are the diuretic most strongly associated with hyponatraemia. 12 15 24 In Uganda, loop diuretics are more commonly used than thiazide diuretics for symptom relief in patients with heart failure, both for inpatients and outpatients. This is because loop diuretics are more readily available and more affordable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional study of hyponatraemia among elderly patients with heart failure in Uganda

et al. 2016

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BackgroundHyponatraemia is a common electrolyte disturbance among older patients. We determined the prevalence of and factors associated with hyponatraemia among older patients with predominantly acute decompensated heart failure attending a tertiary hospital in Kampala, Uganda.ObjectivesMain study aim: (1) to determine the prevalence of hyponatraemia among patients aged 60 years and above with heart failure attending Mulago National Referral Hospital; (2) to describe the factors associated with hyponatraemia among patients aged 60 years and above with heart failure attending Mulago National Referral Hospital.SettingThe study was conducted in one tertiary hospital located in the northeast of Kampala, Uganda.Participants400 adults aged 60 years and above were identified for the study. Of these, 188 were excluded as they did not fulfil the inclusion criteria and one declined to participate, leaving a final study group of 211 older adults aged 60 years and above, with a clinical diagnosis of heart failure using Framingham's criteria.ResultsThe prevalence of hyponatraemia was 24.2% (51/211). Hyponatraemia was mainly found in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure, New York Heart Association classes 2 and 3. Of the 51 patients with hyponatraemia, 27 (52.9%) had mild hyponatraemia, while 24 (47.1%) had moderate to severe hyponatraemia of 130–125 mmol/L. History of vomiting (OR=2.94, 95% CI 1.29 to 6.70, p=0.010) and use of loop diuretics (OR=2.71, 95% CI 1.13 to 6.52, p=0.026) were identified as independent factors associated with hyponatraemia among older patients with heart failure.ConclusionsOur study revealed a relatively high prevalence of hyponatraemia among older patients with mild to moderate heart failure. Patients presenting with a history of vomiting from any cause or use of loop diuretics were more likely to have hyponatraemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional study of hyponatraemia among elderly patients with heart failure in Uganda

et al. 2016

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“…Another attribution has to do with the effect of diuretics[ 28 , 29 ]. Indeed, the elderly frequently use diuretics, which could therefore lead to hyponatremia.…”

Section: The Interplay Mechanism Between Hyponatremia and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the elderly frequently use diuretics, which could therefore lead to hyponatremia. Since higher medication used is also associated with frailty, it could be possible that frailty and hyponatremia are not causatively associated, but that they are both a result of high diuretic use[ 28 , 29 ]. Several other drugs, frequently used by the elderly, also lead to hyponatremia.…”

Section: The Interplay Mechanism Between Hyponatremia and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyponatremia in the frail

Karakousis¹,

Κωστακόπουλος²

2021

JFSF

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Hyponatremia explainedWater is of most importance for human health. The total amount of water in the body differs between men and women, and decreases with age. It accounts for 50% of body weight (BW) in women and 60% of BW in men, aged 18-40 years. 2/3 (40% of BW) is intracellular, while 1/3 (20% of BW) is extracellular. 1/4 of extracellular water (5% of BW) is in the intravascular space 5,6 . Fluid loss can occur from both the intercellular and extracellular space. The finding of changes in the total amount of water in the body is done, more reliably, by measuring BW. In order to clinically establish an increase

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“…▶ Tab. 1 zeigt die häufigsten Medikamente mit hyponatriämischen Nebenwirkungen und deren Mechanismen [7].…”

Section: Euvoläme Hyponatriämienunclassified

“…Bei akutem Nierenversagen und chronischer Niereninsuffizienz ist die glomeruläre Filtration stark oder sehr stark reduziert. Die maximal mögliche Wasserausscheidung ist dadurch eingeschränkt.Zum Beispiel könnten bei einem Serum-Kreatinin von 400 µmol / l (entspricht einer GFR von 10,1 l / 24 h) nur 3 Liter freies Wasser / 24 h ausge-Medikamente, die zu einer Hyponatriämie führen können (adaptiert nach[7]). …”

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Hyponatriämie

Groß¹,

Pusl²

2016

Dtsch med Wochenschr

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Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder that arises from disturbances in water metabolism. In cases of acute advanced hyponatremia, serious symptoms are predominant, while chronic mild hyponatremia causes minor symptoms such as slowness, depression or unsteadiness of gait. Any therapy of hyponatremia depends on the severity of its symptoms and on its specific etiology and diagnosis. Concerning the differential diagnosis of the type of hyponatremia, it is initially helpful to distinguish between euvolemic, hypervolemic and hypovolemic forms of hyponatremia. In order to distinguish between these 3 types of hyponatremia, it is best to assess the spontaneous urinary sodium concentration and to consider evidence from the medical history and the physical examination. Once the type of hyponatremia has been diagnosed, the next step is to decide which of the known etiologies of hyponatremia applies. Diagnostic problems may arise in mixed hyponatremia, a condition in which different types and etiologies of hyponatremia occur at the same time. In such cases it may be best to determine what appears to be the leading diagnosis. Another kind of diagnostic difficulty often occurs in simultaneous diuretic use. It may help to distinguish to which extracellular volume the types of hyponatremia relate on the basis of the fractional excretion of uric acid rather than on the urinary sodium concentration.

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Hyponatremia Induced by Drugs

Cited by 5 publications

References 109 publications

A cross-sectional study of hyponatraemia among elderly patients with heart failure in Uganda

A cross-sectional study of hyponatraemia among elderly patients with heart failure in Uganda

Hyponatremia in the frail

Hyponatriämie

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