“…Halmos [BH]. The exact nature of the relationship between the symbol ϕ ∈ L ∞ and the hyponormality of the Toeplitz operator T ϕ was understood in 1988 via Cowen's Theorem [Co2] -this elegant and useful theorem has been used in the works [CuL1], [CuL2], [FL], [Gu1], [Gu2], [GS], [HKL1], [HKL2], [HL1], [HL2], [HL3], [Le], [NT], [Zhu], and others; these works have been devoted to the study of hyponormality for Toeplitz operators on H 2 . Particular attention has been paid to Toeplitz operators with polynomial symbols or rational symbols [HL1], [HL2], [HL3].…”