Hypophysenvorderlappenhormon und Ovarialhormon im Harn von Schwangeren

Aschheim, S.; Zondek, Bernhard

doi:10.1007/bf01728562

Cited by 241 publications

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“…Received for publication March 20, 1968 THE original observations that the placenta produces a gonadotrophic hormone which is excreted in the urine (Hirose, 1920;Aschheim and Zondek, 1927) were soon followed by identification of a similar hormone in the urine and blood of patients with hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma (Zondek, 1929(Zondek, , 1942Hamburger, 1944). These conditions were sometimes found to be associated with higher excretion rates of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) than were usually found in normal pregnancy but it is now recognised that in choriocarcinoma high values simply reflect extensive disease and in many instances the excretion rates of HCG are comparable to, or lower than those of normal pregnancy.…”

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confidence: 99%

The concentration of HCG in the plasma and spinal fluid of patients with trophoblastic tumours in the central nervous system

Rushworth¹,

Orr²,

Bagshawe³

1968

Br J Cancer

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THE original observations that the placenta produces a gonadotrophic hormone which is excreted in the urine (Hirose, 1920;Aschheim and Zondek, 1927) were soon followed by identification of a similar hormone in the urine and blood of patients with hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma (Zondek, 1929(Zondek, , 1942 Hamburger, 1944). These conditions were sometimes found to be associated with higher excretion rates of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) than were usually found in normal pregnancy but it is now recognised that in choriocarcinoma high values simply reflect extensive disease and in many instances the excretion rates of HCG are comparable to, or lower than those of normal pregnancy.The problem of distinguishing hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma from normal pregnancy led Ehrhardt (1931) to examine the spinal fluid for gonadotrophic activity by the Aschheim-Zondek test. He obtained positive responses with CSF from 2 patients with hydatidiform mole but no response with the CSF of normal pregnant women. Zondek (1937Zondek ( , 1942, Mathieu (1939) and Vesell and Goldman (1941) confirmed these findings on small groups of patients with inole, choriocarcinoma and normal pregnancy. On their evidence a positive pregnancy test on spinal fluid acquired a reputation as a means for distinguishing choriocarcinoma from normal pregnancy. McCormick (1954) studied patients with hydatidiform mole and also infused HCG into a nephrectomised dog. He concluded that the ratio of blood and spinal fluid concentrations was about 187: 1 and that HCG did not appear in the CSF until a high threshold value (excretion of 250,000 i.u. HCG/day in the urine) was exceeded. Tashima et al., (1965) also concluded that HCG did not appear in the CSF until a high threshold value was exceeded unless the patient had brain metastases from choriocarcinoma.Radioimmunoassay provides a more sensitive method for the quantitation of gonadotrophic hormones than the bioassay methods previously used. By radioimmunoassay it has been found that the concentration of HCG in the CSF of patients with trophoblastic tumours is directly proportional to the concentration in the plasma (Bagshawe, Orr, and Rushworth, 1968). In the present paper we compare the concentration of HCG in the CSF of patients with choriocarcinoma which has metastasised to the central nervous system (CNS) with the values found in patients who had no evidence of such metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODSDetails of the method, sensitivity and specificity of the radioimmunoassay have been described by Bagshawe (1965, 1967) and by Bagshawe, Wilde and Orr (1966). The method estimates both HCG and luteinising hormone (LH) and requires approximately 1 ml. of the sample fluid. Total CSF protein was estimated by a turbidimetric method using sulphosalicylic acid.

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confidence: 99%

The concentration of HCG in the plasma and spinal fluid of patients with trophoblastic tumours in the central nervous system

Rushworth¹,

Orr²,

Bagshawe³

1968

Br J Cancer

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“…Whereas LH is synthesized in the pituitary gland of all mammals, placental CG expression is well characterized only in equids and primates (Aschheim & Zondek 1927, Cole & Hart 1930. LH and CG bind the same gonadal LH/CG receptor and induce similar luteotropic responses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Messenger RNAs encoding the beta subunits of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) luteinizing hormone (gpLH) and putative chorionic gonadotropin (gpCG) are transcribed from a single-copy gpLH/CGbeta gene

Sherman

Heilman

Höß

et al. 2001

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Neither gene locus nor gene sequence characterizations have been reported for the subunits of guinea pig (gp) LH and putative gp chorionic gonadotropin (CG). Descriptions of this locus would allow comparison with functionally relevant molecular genetic features of other species' homologous loci including the single-copy equid LH/CG gene and the primate LH -CG gene cluster locus. Contiguous cDNA and genomic DNA fragments spanning the entire mature coding sequence of gpLH mRNA, gpCG mRNA and a homologous gpLH/CG gene were amplified using PCR methodologies. With the exception of one silent mutation, the two cDNA and the genomic sequences were identical where they overlapped. Comparison of guinea pig coding sequence with LH , CG and LH/CG sequences of other vertebrate species revealed the following order of similarity expressed as per cent coding sequence identity: rhinoceros LH (83·6%)>pig LH (81·8%)>donkey LH/CG =bovine LH (81·5%)> horse LH/CG (80·6%)>dog LH (79·7%)>human LH (78·2%)>rat LH (77·9%)>human CG (75·8%)>turkey LH (52·7%); values that are generally consistent with recently postulated phylogenetic relationships. Like the consensus mammalian LH gene, the 5 -flanking region of the gpLH/CG gene contains a single TATA sequence 37 bp upstream of the translation start codon. The first in-frame stop codon occurred at codon position +122 which is consistent with the 121 amino acid residue length of the consensus mammalian mature LH peptide.

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“…Human seminal chorionic gonadotropin &subunit (hCG0) was first discovered in the urine of pregnant women by Ascheim and Zonddek in 1972 [5] and thought to be produced by the placenta. In 1930, however, it was detected also in the urine of patients with germinal cell…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β-Subunit in Human Semen

Saito

Kumamoto

Ito

et al. 1988

Archives of Andrology

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The level of human seminal chorionic gonadotropin 0-subunit (hCGP) was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The mean hCGP level in 34 normal men was 3.7 f 1.6 ngfml, which was much higher than that in serum. The mean hCG0 level for 20 patients with mild oligozoospermia (20-39 x lo6 sperm/ml) was 2.5 f 0.8 ng/ml, that for 34 patients with severe oligozoospermia (1-19 x lo6 sperm/ ml) was 1.7 f 0.5 ng/ml, and that for 21 azoospermia was 1.5 * 0.6 ng/ml. Thus, the decrease of sperm count was correlated with the decrease of hCGP. In 17 cases to which testicular biopsy was applied together with sperm counting, the seminal hCG0 level was found to positively correlate with the germinal cell index (the ratio germinal cell count/Sertoli cell count) and with the testicular volume. The level of seminal hCGP was also found to correlate negatively with the levels of seminal LH and FSH and positively with the Ipvel of seminal testosterone. These findings suggest that the production of seminal hCGP is a process of spermatogenesis and closely related to spermatogenesis. The level of hCGP in serum was too low to detect, and no relation to that in seminal plasma could be investigated. However, in 6 cases with testicular tumor, the hCGP level in serum was high, whereas that in seminal plasma was rather low probably because of unilateral secretion. Enhanced production of hCG0 by tumor tissues and the dp-truction of the blood-testis barrier by proliferation of tumor cells seemed to be one of the causes of this high hCGP level in serum. The hCG0 levels in 13 vasectomized seminal plasma and the prostatic fluid samples collected from 3 normal men were 1.5 ng/ml, which was similar to those in azoospermic patients. These findings suggest that the seminal hCGP level consists of the hCGP secreted by the testis and about 1.5 nglml of hCGP from the prostate. Based on these results, seminal hCGP is thought to be secreted by the prostate and the process of spermatogenesis and the value of seminal hCGP may serve as an effective index for the testicular function.

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Hypophysenvorderlappenhormon und Ovarialhormon im Harn von Schwangeren

Cited by 241 publications

References 0 publications

The concentration of HCG in the plasma and spinal fluid of patients with trophoblastic tumours in the central nervous system

The concentration of HCG in the plasma and spinal fluid of patients with trophoblastic tumours in the central nervous system

Messenger RNAs encoding the beta subunits of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) luteinizing hormone (gpLH) and putative chorionic gonadotropin (gpCG) are transcribed from a single-copy gpLH/CGbeta gene

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β-Subunit in Human Semen

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