Hyposomatomedinemia in Quadriplegic Men

Shetty, Kaup R.; Sutton, Carl H.; Mattson, Dale E.; Rudman, Daniel

doi:10.1097/00000441-199302000-00006

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…17 Similar results have been reported regarding basal plasma GH, although basal determination is of limited clinical interest. 17,24 However, despite the fact that the level of IGF-I, we found differs from the reports of previous studies, 16,17,24 we cannot exclude a modification in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 autocrine/paracrine activity. Decreased local production of IGF-I by osteoblasts in patients with recent SCI should not affect circulating IGF-I levels, because these systemic levels are mainly related to the large production of IGF-I by the liver.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Decreased local production of IGF-I by osteoblasts in patients with recent SCI should not affect circulating IGF-I levels, because these systemic levels are mainly related to the large production of IGF-I by the liver. Shetty et al 16 reported a low level of IGF-I in chronic quadraplegic men. Bauman et al 17 confirmed a depressed plasma IGF-I level in younger individuals, but in both studies the mean postinjury duration in the SCI patients was longer (11.5 and 15 years) than in the present investigation (3 months).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Moreover, various hormonal abnormalities -and, in particular, the androgen and growth hormone (GH) deficiency known to be implicated in bone loss and bone turnover alteration in AB men 12,13 -have been highlighted in chronic SCI patients. [14][15][16][17] In the skeleton, GH is known to stimulate the proliferation and the differentiation of osteoblasts and to increase the synthesis of type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. 18 GH modulates the osteoblast production of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) which is an important mediator for GH-induced bone cell proliferation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The role of androgens or growth factors in the bone resorption process in recent spinal cord injured patients: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study design: This cross-sectional study compared the androgen and growth factor profiles and the bone turnover of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) versus able-bodied controls (AB). Objective: Determine whether androgens, GH, or either IGF-I or IGFBP-3, are implicated in bone turnover alteration in patients with recent SCI. Setting: Propara Center, Montpellier, France. Methods: In all, 16 men (31.3 years) with complete SCI, seven paraplegics and nine tetraplegics, who had sustained injury an average of 3 months earlier, and 12 AB who served as controls (27.5 years) participated. Androgens, growth hormone and its mediators were investigated. The bone resorption process was evaluated by urinary and plasma type I collagen C-telopeptide (CTXu, CTXp), while bone formation was evaluated by osteocalcin (OC) and bone alkaline phosphatase. Results: Total testosterone (TT) and the free androgen index (FAI) were significantly lower in the SCI patients, whereas FSH was significantly higher (Po0.05). These hormonal variations were not related to the level of neurological lesion. There was no significant difference in GH, IGF-I, or IGFBP-3 levels. CTXu and CTXp indicated high bone resorption activity in the SCI patients (Po0.05). Regarding bone formation markers, only OC was affected by neurological lesion (Po0.05). Basal hormone levels did not correlate with markers of bone turnover. Conclusion: The high bone resorption process observed in SCI patients did not seem directly related to testicular endocrine abnormalities or an altered growth factor profile. Nevertheless, the reduced TT and FAI levels could be aggravating factors in the development of acute bone loss.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The role of androgens or growth factors in the bone resorption process in recent spinal cord injured patients: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spinal cord injury (SCI) has wide-ranging psychological and pathological effects, these last including an increase in bone resorption, [1][2][3] hormonal alterations [4][5][6] and modification of body composition. 7,8 The annual incidence of SCI differs according to the source but ranges from approximately 28.5 to 40 cases per million population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The affecting factors may include a decrease in the mechanical force applied to bone, 33,34 lesion-induced blood circulation abnormalities at the sublesional level that affect bone cell differentiation, 35 and hormonal deficiencies. [4][5][6]36 Moreover, the anatomical distribution of bone loss between axial and appendicular skeleton is unique compared with the endocrine causes of osteoporosis. 16 Recently, our group reported a marked modification in the osteoprotegerin/ RANKL system in recent SCI patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone loss in spinal cord-injured patients: from physiopathology to therapy

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study design: Review article on bone metabolism and therapeutic approach on bone loss in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Objective: The first part aims to describe the process of bone demineralization and its effects on bone mass in patients with SCI. The second part describes and discusses the therapeutic approaches to limiting the alteration in bone metabolism related to neurological lesions. Setting: Propara Rehabilitation Center, Montpellier, France. Results: During the first 24 months postinjury, demineralization occurs exclusively in the sublesional areas and predominantly in weight-bearing skeletal sites such as the distal femur and proximal tibia, both of which are trabecular-rich sites. Reduced bone mass, in association with a modified bone matrix property and composition, is very likely at the origin of pathological fractures after minor trauma to which these patients are frequently exposed. Since these fractures may be asymptomatic yet may lead to complications, preventing and managing 'neurological osteoporosis' remains a considerable challenge. Two main approaches are considered: the first consists in applying a mechanical stimulus to the bone tissue by standing, orthotically aided walking or functional electrical stimulation (FES). The second uses medications, particularly antiresorptive drugs such as calcitonin or diphosphonates. Conclusion: To develop well-adapted treatments, a more precise understanding of bone loss etiology is needed. The current rehabilitation programs are based on the idea that the bone physiological changes observed in patients with SCI are due to immobility, but results indicate that alterations inherent to neurological damage may play an even greater role in inducing osteoporosis.

show abstract

Human mesenchymal stem‐derived extracellular vesicles improve body growth and motor function following severe spinal cord injury in rat

Nakazaki,

Lankford,

Yamamoto

et al. 2023

Clinical & Translational Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) in young adults leads to severe sensorimotor disabilities as well as slowing of growth. Systemic pro‐inflammatory cytokines are associated with growth failure and muscle wasting. Here we investigated whether intravenous (IV) delivery of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) has therapeutic effects on body growth and motor recovery and can modulate inflammatory cytokines following severe SCI in young adult rats. Methods Contusional SCI rats were randomized into three different treatment groups (human and rat MSC‐sEVs and a PBS group) on day 7 post‐SCI. Functional motor recovery and body growth were assessed weekly until day 70 post‐SCI. Trafficking of sEVs after IV infusions in vivo, the uptake of sEVs in vitro, macrophage phenotype at the lesion and cytokine levels at the lesion, liver and systemic circulation were also evaluated. Results An IV delivery of both human and rat MSC‐sEVs improved functional motor recovery after SCI and restored normal body growth in young adult SCI rats, indicating a broad therapeutic benefit of MSC‐sEVs and a lack of species specificity for these effects. Human MSC‐sEVs were selectively taken up by M2 macrophages in vivo and in vitro, consistent with our previous observations of rat MSC‐sEV uptake. Furthermore, the infusion of human or rat MSC‐sEVs resulted in an increase in the proportion of M2 macrophages and a decrease in the production of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin (IL)‐6 at the injury site, as well as a reduction in systemic serum levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 and an increase in growth hormone receptors and IGF‐1 levels in the liver. Conclusions Both human and rat MSC‐sEVs promote the recovery of body growth and motor function after SCI in young adult rats possibly via the cytokine modulation of growth‐related hormonal pathways. Thus, MSC‐sEVs affect both metabolic and neurological deficits in SCI.

show abstract

Hyposomatomedinemia in Quadriplegic Men

Cited by 42 publications

References 35 publications

The role of androgens or growth factors in the bone resorption process in recent spinal cord injured patients: a cross-sectional study

The role of androgens or growth factors in the bone resorption process in recent spinal cord injured patients: a cross-sectional study

Bone loss in spinal cord-injured patients: from physiopathology to therapy

Human mesenchymal stem‐derived extracellular vesicles improve body growth and motor function following severe spinal cord injury in rat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About