Hypotensive effects of neuromedin U microinjected into the cardiovascular-related region of the rat nucleus tractus solitarius

Tsubota, Yuji; Kakimoto, Nobuyuki; Owada-Makabe, Kyoko; Yukawa, Kazunori; Liang, Xiang-Ming; Mune, Masatoshi; Maeda, Masanobu

doi:10.1097/00001756-200312190-00020

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…administration (8,55,57,58 ), suggesting that although NmU might indeed regulate these phenomena centrally, further work is needed before its true role is elucidated. However, more recent reports appear to indicate that the prevalent effect of central NmU administration is to increase blood pressure through regulation of sympathetic activity (59 -62 ).…”

Section: Blood Pressure and Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromedin U: A Multifunctional Neuropeptide with Pleiotropic Roles

2015

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BACKGROUND Neuromedin U (NmU) belongs to the neuromedin family, comprising a series of neuropeptides involved in the gut–brain axis and including neuromedins B and C (bombesin-like), K (neurokinin B), L (neurokinin A or neurotensin), N, S, and U. CONTENT Although initially isolated from porcine spinal cord on the basis of their ability to induce uterine smooth muscle contraction, these peptides have now been found to be expressed in several different tissues and have been ascribed numerous functions, from appetite regulation and energy balance control to muscle contraction and tumor progression. NmU has been detected in several species to date, particularly in mammals (pig, rat, rabbit, dog, guinea pig, human), but also in amphibian, avian, and fish species. The NmU sequence is highly conserved across different species, indicating that this peptide is ancient and plays an important biological role. Here, we summarize the main structural and functional characteristics of NmU and describe its many roles, highlighting the jack-of-all-trades nature of this neuropeptide. SUMMARY NmU involvement in key processes has outlined the possibility that this neuropeptide could be a novel target for the treatment of obesity and cancer, among other disorders. Although the potential for NmU as a therapeutic target is obvious, the multiple functions of this molecule should be taken into account when designing an approach to targeting NmU and/or its receptors.

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Section: Blood Pressure and Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromedin U: A Multifunctional Neuropeptide with Pleiotropic Roles

2015

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“…Tsubota et al. [53] reported hypotensive effects of NmU when administered in the nucleus tractus solitarus of rat. NmU also affects regional blood flow especially the splanchnic circulation.…”

Section: Blood Pressure and Regional Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NmU increases sympathetic activityconsistent with its localization in the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Tsubota et al [53] reported hypotensive effects of NmU when administered in the nucleus tractus solitarus of rat. NmU also affects regional blood flow especially the splanchnic circulation.…”

Section: B L O O D P R E S S U R E a N D R E G I O N A L B L O O D F mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromedin U: physiology, pharmacology and therapeutic potential

Budhiraja

Chugh

2009

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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Neuromedin U (NmU), a multifunctional neuropeptide, belongs to a family of neuropeptides, the neuromedins. It is ubiquitously distributed with highest levels found in the gastrointestinal tract and pituitary. The conservation of structural elements of NmU across species, the widespread distribution of NmU and its receptors throughout the body point to a fundamental role in key physiological processes. Two G protein coupled receptors for NmU have been cloned NmU R1 and NmU R2. NmU R1 is expressed pre-dominantly in the periphery especially the gastrointestinal tract whereas NmU R2 is expressed pre-dominantly in the central nervous system. Current evidence suggests a role of NmU in pain, in regulation of feeding and energy homeostasis, stress, cancer, immune mediated inflammatory diseases like asthma, inflammatory diseases, maintaining the biological clock, in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, and in the control of blood flow and blood pressure. With the development of drugs selectively acting on receptors and knockout animal models, exact pathophysiological roles of NmU will become clearer.

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“…Early characterizations of NmU revealed its potent contractile activity in the rat uterus (6, 7) which were followed by experiments demonstrating contraction of smooth muscle of many organs (8,9). Several studies indicate that NmU also plays a role in energy homeostasis, (10 -13) regulation of blood pressure (14,15), and nociception (16,17). Taken together, these reports indicate a wide variety of functions for NmU and suggest potential mechanisms by which release of signaling molecules from neurons can mediate processes both within the CNS and in peripheral tissues.…”

Section: T Ype-2 Th (Th2) Cells Are Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromedin Elicits Cytokine Release in Murine Th2-Type T Cell Clone D10.G4.1

Johnson

Appelbaum²,

Carptenter

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

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Neuromedin U (NmU), originally isolated from porcine spinal cord and later from other species, is a novel peptide that potently contracts smooth muscle. NmU interacts with two G protein-coupled receptors designated as NmU-1R and NmU-2R. This study demonstrates a potential proinflammatory role for NmU. In a mouse Th2 cell line (D10.G4.1), a single class of high affinity saturable binding sites for 125I-labeled NmU (KD 364 pM and Bmax 1114 fmol/mg protein) was identified, and mRNA encoding NmU-1R, but not NmU-2R, was present. Competition binding analysis revealed equipotent, high affinity binding of NmU isopeptides to membranes prepared from D10.G4.1 cells. Exposure of these cells to NmU isopeptides resulted in an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration (EC50 4.8 nM for human NmU). In addition, NmU also significantly increased the synthesis and release of cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13. Studies using pharmacological inhibitors indicated that maximal NmU-evoked cytokine release required functional phospholipase C, calcineurin, MEK, and PI3K pathways. These data suggest a role for NmU in inflammation by stimulating cytokine production by T cells.

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Hypotensive effects of neuromedin U microinjected into the cardiovascular-related region of the rat nucleus tractus solitarius

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Neuromedin U: A Multifunctional Neuropeptide with Pleiotropic Roles

Neuromedin U: A Multifunctional Neuropeptide with Pleiotropic Roles

Neuromedin U: physiology, pharmacology and therapeutic potential

Neuromedin Elicits Cytokine Release in Murine Th2-Type T Cell Clone D10.G4.1

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