Hypothalamic inflammation and food intake regulation during chronic illness

Dwarkasing, Jvalini; Marks, Daniel L.; Witkamp, Renger F.; Norren, Klaske van

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2015.06.011

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Furthermore, we observed that former drinkers had higher levels of cytokines than stable nondrinkers, in keeping with the idea that failing to exclude former drinkers from the group of stable nondrinkers will lead to overestimating the protective effect of moderate drinking 42. This group may consist of former heavy drinkers (including individuals with a history of alcohol use disorders) and those with illnesses that have led to alcohol cessation 60, both of which are likely to be associated with higher levels of inflammation 61, 62, 63. However, it is also worth noting that amongst those with existing illness, alcohol abstinence is generally associated with better long‐term prognosis than continued drinking 64, 65.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Ten‐year alcohol consumption typologies and trajectories of C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist over the following 12 years: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundModerate alcohol consumption is thought to confer cardiometabolic protective effects. Inflammatory pathways are hypothesized to partly underlie this association.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the association between typologies of alcohol consumption and markers of inflammation, and their rate of change over time.MethodsData were collected from 8209 participants [69% men; mean age, 50 years (SD 6.1)] of the British Whitehall II study. Alcohol consumption typologies were defined using up to three measures during an approximately 10‐year period spanning from 1985 to 1994 as (i) stable nondrinkers, (ii) stable moderate drinkers (referent), (iii) stable heavy drinkers, (iv) nonstable drinkers and (v) former drinkers. C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1 RA) were measured up to three times in the following 12 years.ResultsStable moderate drinkers had lower levels of CRP than stable nondrinkers, stable heavy drinkers, former drinkers and nonstable drinkers, but there were no differences in the rate of change in CRP over time between groups. Stable nondrinkers had higher levels of IL‐6 as did stable heavy drinkers; rates of change in IL‐6 over time were also increased in the latter group. Stable nondrinkers also had higher levels of IL‐1 RA. These associations were robust to adjustment for confounding factors.ConclusionOur novel investigation of 10‐year drinking typologies shows that stable moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a long‐term inflammatory marker profile that is consistent with conferring a reduced risk of developing coronary heart disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Ten‐year alcohol consumption typologies and trajectories of C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist over the following 12 years: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2016

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“…Lactate inhibits food intake via hypothalamic activation of the adenosine monophosphate kinase/malonyl‐CoA signalling pathway . Therefore, cancer anorexia is strongly associated with functional damage of the hypothalamic mechanisms that normally control the eating behaviour . Additionally, cancer treatments as chemotherapy and radiation, which cause nauseas and vomiting, may contribute to anorexia …”

Section: Anorexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer cachexia and its pathophysiology: links with sarcopenia, anorexia and asthenia

Silva

Santos

Silva

et al. 2020

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

238

191

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Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, along with adipose tissue wasting, systemic inflammation and other metabolic abnormalities leading to functional impairment. Cancer cachexia has long been recognized as a direct cause of complications in cancer patients, reducing quality of life and worsening disease outcomes. Some related conditions, like sarcopenia (age‐related muscle wasting), anorexia (appetite loss) and asthenia (reduced muscular strength and fatigue), share some key features with cancer cachexia, such as weakness and systemic inflammation. Understanding the interplay and the differences between these conditions is critical to advance basic and translational research in this field, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and contributing to finally achieve effective therapies for affected patients.

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“…Enhanced knowledge of hunger and satiety mechanisms could also be exploited to promote increased energy intake in clinical circumstances where intake is inappropriately low, such as in anorexia due to infection or cancer (Dwarkasing et al . ), or in the elderly. These examples demonstrate that a greater understanding of the mechanisms underpinning hunger and satiety is important for the design of future strategies to tackle the escalating obesity crisis, as well as other situations where nutrition is inappropriate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full4Health: Understanding food–gut–brain mechanisms across the lifespan in the regulation of hunger and satiety for health

Amin

Mercer

2016

Nutrition Bulletin

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Global levels of overweight and obesity continue to rise and successful interventions to combat this epidemic are limited in number and suitability. When energy intake exceeds that expended, the excess energy accumulates as body fat. Although energy balance is regulated by hypothalamic mechanisms, these can be overridden by the activation of hedonic brain systems. This apparent hierarchy is exacerbated by the widespread availability of inexpensive, palatable and energy-dense food in the current obesogenic environment, giving rise to energy overconsumption and thereby contributing to the increase in overweight and obesity. The European Commission recognised a need for further research to enhance understanding of the relatively poorly understood mechanisms underpinning hunger and satiety, with a view to providing an evidence base from which novel strategies could be developed to tackle the escalating crisis. Full4Health (Understanding food-gut-brain mechanisms across the lifespan in the regulation of hunger and satiety for health) is a project funded under Framework Programme 7 (FP7), conceived to fulfil this aim. This article describes selected recent research from Full4Health and discusses how new mechanistic findings related to physiological responses to food might be adapted and harnessed to provide alternative ways to address the global problems related to positive energy balance.

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Hypothalamic inflammation and food intake regulation during chronic illness

Cited by 29 publications

References 148 publications

Ten‐year alcohol consumption typologies and trajectories of C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist over the following 12 years: a prospective cohort study

Ten‐year alcohol consumption typologies and trajectories of C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist over the following 12 years: a prospective cohort study

Cancer cachexia and its pathophysiology: links with sarcopenia, anorexia and asthenia

Full4Health: Understanding food–gut–brain mechanisms across the lifespan in the regulation of hunger and satiety for health

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