Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Interleukin-6 Activity in Children with Head Trauma and Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone

Gionis, D.; Ilias, Ιoannis; Moustaki, Maria; Mantzos, Emilia; Papadatos, Ioannis; Koutras, Demetrios A.; Mastorakos, George

doi:10.1515/jpem.2003.16.1.49

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mastorakos et al (68) demonstrated that IL-6 can act as an AVP secretagogue. This effect of IL-6 on hypothalamic AVP secretion also was seen in children after head trauma (69). It is interesting that women respond to exercise-induced stress with the production of higher levels of IL-6, perhaps explaining, in part, the increased risk for EAH in women (66).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 77%

Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

Rosner

Kirven

2007

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

170

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exercise-associated hyponatremia has been described after sustained physical exertion during marathons, triathlons, and other endurance athletic events. As these events have become more popular, the incidence of serious hyponatremia has increased and associated fatalities have occurred. The pathogenesis of this condition remains incompletely understood but largely depends on excessive water intake. Furthermore, hormonal (especially abnormalities in arginine vasopressin secretion) and renal abnormalities in water handling that predispose individuals to the development of severe, life-threatening hyponatremia may be present. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapy of exercise-associated hyponatremia.

show abstract

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 77%

Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

Rosner

Kirven

2007

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

170

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The widespread and intensive inflammatory state involving the lungs, the liver, the kidneys, the intestines and the lymphatic ganglia induced to increase production of plasma prostaglandins and renin 9,29,33,34 . High serum levels of interleukin-6 have been detected in visceral leishmaniasis 3,32 and can act as a potent stimulus of the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis and to arginine vasopressin(ADH) release too 14,22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyponatremia in visceral leishmaniasis

Verde

Veronese

et al. 2010

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThere are few reports linking hyponatremia and visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar). This is a study of 55 consecutive kala-azar patients and 20 normal individuals as a control group. Hyponatremia and serum hypo-osmolality were detected in 100% of kalaazar patients. High first morning urine osmolality (750.0 ± 52.0 vs. 894.5 ± 30.0mOsm/kg H 2 O, p < 0.05), and high 24-hour urine osmolality (426.0 ± 167.0 vs. 514.6 ± 132.0 mOsm/kg H 2 O, p < 0.05) demonstrated persistent antidiuretic hormone secretion. Urinary sodium was high (82.3 ± 44.2 vs.110.3 ± 34.7 mEq/L, p < 0.05). Low seric uric acid occurred in 61.8% of patients and increased fractional urinary uric acid excretion was detected in 74.5% of them. Increased glomerular filtration rate was present in 25.4% of patients. There was no evidence of extracellular volume depletion. Normal plasma ADH levels were observed in kala-azar patients. No endocrine or renal dysfunction was detected. It is possible that most hyponatremic kala-azar patients present the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.

show abstract

“…Inflammatory mediators (cytokines, free radicals, amino acids and nitric oxide) and excitatory amino acids (such as N-methyl-D-aspartate) appear to be implicated in secondary brain injury development (24,27,28). Cytokines -in particular interleukin-6 -which stimulate vasopressin secretion, may also be involved in the pathogenesis of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after TBI (29). As the primary injury is not preventable, medical management should be directed at the mechanisms of secondary injury in order to improve outcome.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Tbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury

Bondanelli

Ambrosio²,

Zatelli³

et al. 2005

eur j endocrinol

185

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of death and disability in young adults, with consequences ranging from physical disabilities to long-term cognitive, behavioural, psychological and social defects. Post-traumatic hypopituitarism (PTHP) was recognized more than 80 years ago, but it was thought to be a rare occurrence. Recently, clinical evidence has demonstrated that TBI may frequently cause hypothalamic -pituitary dysfunction, probably contributing to a delayed or hampered recovery from TBI. Changes in pituitary hormone secretion may be observed during the acute phase post-TBI, representing part of the acute adaptive response to the injury. Moreover, diminished pituitary hormone secretion, caused by damage to the pituitary and/or hypothalamus, may occur at any time after TBI. PTHP is observed in about 40% of patients with a history of TBI, presenting as an isolated deficiency in most cases, and more rarely as complete pituitary failure. The most common alterations appear to be gonadotropin and somatotropin deficiency, followed by corticotropin and thyrotropin deficiency. Hyper-or hypoprolactinemia may also be present. Diabetes insipidus may be frequent in the early, acute phase post-TBI, but it is rarely permanent. Severity of TBI seems to be an important risk factor for developing PTHP; however, PTHP can also manifest after mild TBI. Accurate evaluation and long-term follow-up of all TBI patients are necessary in order to detect the occurrence of PTHP, regardless of clinical evidence for pituitary dysfunction. In order to improve outcome and quality of life of TBI patients, an adequate replacement therapy is of paramount importance.European Journal of Endocrinology 152 679-691

show abstract

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Interleukin-6 Activity in Children with Head Trauma and Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone

Abstract: IL-6 secreted during an aseptic inflammatory state, such as sustaining head trauma with SIADH, is quantitatively correlated to AVP, indicating that this cytokine is directly and/or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of SIADH.

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia in visceral leishmaniasis

Hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About