Hypothalamic‐pituitary gonadal axis and immune response imbalance during chronic filarial infections

Mavoungou, D.; Poaty‐Mavoungou, Virginie; Ongali, Brice; Akoume, Marie Yvonne; Maka, Gontran; Mavoungou, Elie

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01499.x

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1989; Saporta & Yuksel 1994). Likewise, in a recent publication, Mavoungou et al. (2005) reported a correlation of HPG axis dysfunction with immune response in female patients with chronic filarial infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Pituitary–gonadal hormones and interleukin patterns in leprosy

Leal

Magalhães

Souza

et al. 2006

Tropical Med Int Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe functional status of pituitary-gonadal hormones and their relationship to the pattern of inflammatory cytokines in the lepromatous (LL/BL) and tuberculoid (TT/BT) poles of leprosy were investigated. Gonadotropins [luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)], interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were significantly higher in LL/BL leprosy patients than in controls and were not different from controls in TT/BT patients. LH and FSH were positively correlated with IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a, and CRP concentrations and ESR. Testosterone plasma levels were significantly decreased in LL/BL patients and not different in TT/BT patients compared with controls. In addition, testosterone levels were inversely correlated with IL-6 and TNF-a. Prolactin plasma levels of both LL/BL and TT/BT patients were not different when compared with those of controls. There was a significant positive correlation between IL-6 and TNF-a plasma levels and ESR and CRP concentrations. IL-1b was positively correlated with ESR but not with CRP. The significant correlations between gonadotropins and testosterone and cytokines in leprosy patients suggest that cytokines may have a direct influence at testicular level and may be of pathogenetic significance in leprosy and in other inflammatory states involving reproductive dysfunction.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Pituitary–gonadal hormones and interleukin patterns in leprosy

Leal

Magalhães

Souza

et al. 2006

Tropical Med Int Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research by reproductive ecologists has established that levels of ovarian function, measured as average profiles of salivary progesterone and oestradiol, differ considerably within and between individuals and populations [1,2]. Detailed studies have demonstrated that age [3] and acute energetic factors such as immune challenges [4], nutrition and/or energy expenditure, whether voluntarily imposed [5,6] or ecologically determined [7–9], are responsible for some of this variance. However, even after acute factors are accounted for, significant interpopulation differences in baseline levels of ovarian function remain evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Conditions Influence Adult Progesterone Levels

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAverage profiles of salivary progesterone in women vary significantly at the inter- and intrapopulation level as a function of age and acute energetic conditions related to energy intake, energy expenditure, or a combination of both. In addition to acute stressors, baseline progesterone levels differ among populations. The causes of such chronic differences are not well understood, but it has been hypothesised that they may result from varying tempos of growth and maturation and, by implication, from diverse environmental conditions encountered during childhood and adolescence.Methods and FindingsTo test this hypothesis, we conducted a migrant study among first- and second-generation Bangladeshi women aged 19–39 who migrated to London, UK at different points in the life-course, women still resident in Bangladesh, and women of European descent living in neighbourhoods similar to those of the migrants in London (total n = 227). Data collected included saliva samples for radioimmunoassay of progesterone, anthropometrics, and information from questionnaires on diet, lifestyle, and health. Results from multiple linear regression, controlled for anthropometric and reproductive variables, show that women who spend their childhood in conditions of low energy expenditure, stable energy intake, good sanitation, low immune challenges, and good health care in the UK have up to 103% higher levels of salivary progesterone and an earlier maturation than women who develop in less optimal conditions in Sylhet, Bangladesh (F 9,178 = 5.05, p < 0.001, standard error of the mean = 0.32; adjusted R 2 = 0.16). Our results point to the period prior to puberty as a sensitive phase when changes in environmental conditions positively impact developmental tempos such as menarcheal age (F 2,81 = 3.21, p = 0.03) and patterns of ovarian function as measured using salivary progesterone (F 2,81 = 3.14, p = 0.04).ConclusionsThis research demonstrates that human females use an extended period of the life cycle prior to reproductive maturation to monitor their environment and to modulate reproductive steroid levels in accordance with projected conditions they might encounter as adults. Given the prolonged investment of human pregnancy and lactation, such plasticity (extending beyond any intrauterine programming) enables a more flexible and finely tuned adjustment to the potential constraints or opportunities of the later adult environment. This research is the first, to our knowledge, to demonstrate a postuterine developmental component to variation in reproductive steroid levels in women.

show abstract

“…Indeed, this has been seen in both humans and animals. Chronic filarial infection lowers LH levels in women [46], and obese PCOS is associated with FIG. 8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPARG Regulates Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Signaling in LbetaT2 Cells In Vitro and Pituitary Gonadotroph Function In Vivo in Mice1

Sharma

Mistry

et al. 2011

Biology of Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) ligands improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Despite clinical studies showing normalization of pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in patients with PCOS, the precise role of PPARG in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis remains unclear. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the PPARG agonist rosiglitazone has a direct effect on the pituitary. In mouse LbetaT2 immortalized gonadotrophs, rosiglitazone treatment inhibited GnRH stimulation of the stress kinases p38MAPK and MAPKs/JNKs, but did not alter activation of ERKs, both in the presence and absence of activin. Furthermore, p38MAPK signaling was critical for both Lhb and Fshb promoter activity, and rosiglitazone suppressed the GnRH-mediated induction of Lhb and Fshb mRNA. Depletion of PPARG using a lentivirally encoded short hairpin RNA abolishes the effect of rosiglitazone to suppress activation of JNKs and induction of the transcription factors EGR1 and FOS as well as the gonadotropin genes Lhb and Fshb. Lastly, we show conditional knockout of Pparg in pituitary gonadotrophs caused an increase in luteinizing hormone levels in female mice, a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone in male mice, and a fertility defect characterized by reduced litter size. Taken together, our data support a direct role for PPARG in modulating pituitary function in vitro and in vivo.

show abstract

Hypothalamic‐pituitary gonadal axis and immune response imbalance during chronic filarial infections

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Pituitary–gonadal hormones and interleukin patterns in leprosy

Pituitary–gonadal hormones and interleukin patterns in leprosy

Childhood Conditions Influence Adult Progesterone Levels

PPARG Regulates Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Signaling in LbetaT2 Cells In Vitro and Pituitary Gonadotroph Function In Vivo in Mice1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About