Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Hyperresponsiveness Is Associated with Increased Social Avoidance Behavior in Social Phobia

Roelofs, Karin; Peer, Jacobien van; Berretty, Ed; Jong, Paula de; Spinhoven, Philip; Elzinga, Bernet M.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.08.022

Cited by 163 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

132

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on the procedures developed by Kirschbaum et al, (1993), social stress was induced by placing participants in a novel situation where they believed they were being socially evaluated. This study followed the same protocol reported in Roelofs et al (2009). Based on Roelofs et al (2009), TSST modifications were available to participants who felt unable to complete the TSST.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study followed the same protocol reported in Roelofs et al (2009). Based on Roelofs et al (2009), TSST modifications were available to participants who felt unable to complete the TSST. Participants were reminded that they could stop participating at any time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be studied empirically using standardized social stress protocols measuring neurohormonal changes. The literature to date examining the cortisol stress response (CSR) following a social challenge in SAD has reported mixed results (Beaton et al, 2006;Condren et al, 2002;Furlan et al, 2001;Levin, 1993;Martel et al, 1999;Roelofs et al, 2009;Shirotsuki et al, 2009;van West et al, 2008;Yoon, 2012). One possible explanation for this inconsistency is that moderating factors such as childhood trauma (CT) have a greater influence on social stress responses and/or overall cortisol secretion than does the condition, itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The cortisol response to social stress in social anxiety disorder

Vaccarino

Levitan

Ravindran

2015

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The cortisol response to social stress in social anxiety disorder

Vaccarino

Levitan

Ravindran

2015

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…According to some studies, SP individuals exposed to a social-evaluative task respond with increased subjective anxiety and an increased HR response (Hofmann et al 1995) as well as with elevated cortisol reactivity (Roelofs et al 2009). Other studies, while replicating increased subjective anxiety in socially phobic or highly socially anxious individuals relative to controls, did not find differential cortisol or cardiovascular reactivity (Anderson and Hope 2009;Beaton et al 2006;Grossman et al 2001;Heiser et al 2009;Mauss et al 2003).…”

Section: Symptom Provocation and The Multiple Response Levels Of Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective, Autonomic, and Endocrine Reactivity during Social Stress in Children with Social Phobia

Krämer

Seefeldt

Heinrichs

et al. 2011

J Abnorm Child Psychol

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reports of exaggerated anxiety and physiological hyperreactivity to social-evaluative situations are characteristic of childhood social phobia (SP). However, laboratory research on subjective, autonomic and endocrine functioning in childhood SP is scarce, inconsistent and limited by small sample sizes, limited breadth of measurements, and the use of non-standardized stressor tasks. We exposed 8-12-year-old children with DSM-IV SP (n=41) and matched healthy control children (HC; n=40) to the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) while measuring subjective anxiety, heart rate (HR) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) as well as salivary cortisol. The SP children showed heightened reactivity to the TSST-C on subjective anxiety compared to the HC children but not a heightened reactivity in HR, sAA or cortisol. However, the SP children showed chronically elevated HR levels throughout the whole laboratory session. Whereas subjective anxiety seems to respond specifically to social-evaluative stress in childhood SP, HR levels may be chronically elevated suggesting a more generalized autonomic hyperreactivity.

show abstract

“…Gender influences on approach-avoidance tendencies have been found by some authors (e.g., Hillman et al 2004). On the other hand, Roelofs et al (2009b) found no modulating effects of gender in their manual approach-avoidance task. Future studies should address potential gender differences in the organization of approach-avoidance motor responses, particularly when gender of the stimulus is the relevant classification factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Social embodiment in directional stepping behavior

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Embodiment theories emphasize the role played by sensory and motor processes in psychological states, such as social information processing. Motivated by this idea, we examined how whole-body postural behaviors couple to social affective cues, viz., pictures of smiling and angry faces. We adopted a Simon-like paradigm, whereby healthy female volunteers were asked to select and initiate a forward or backward step on a force plate in response to the gender of the poser (male/female), regardless of emotion. Detailed analysis of the spatiotemporal unfolding of the body center of pressure during the steps revealed that task-irrelevant emotion had no effect on the initiation times of the steps, i.e., there was no evidence of an affective Simon effect. An unexpected finding was that steps were initiated relatively slow in response to female angry faces. This Stroop-like effect suggests that postural behavior is influenced by whether certain stimulus features match or mismatch.

show abstract

Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Hyperresponsiveness Is Associated with Increased Social Avoidance Behavior in Social Phobia

Cited by 163 publications

References 41 publications

The cortisol response to social stress in social anxiety disorder

The cortisol response to social stress in social anxiety disorder

Subjective, Autonomic, and Endocrine Reactivity during Social Stress in Children with Social Phobia

Social embodiment in directional stepping behavior

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About