Hypothermic protection following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

Baker, C.J.; Onesti, Stephen T.; Barth, Konrad N.M.; Prestigiacomo, Charles J.; Solomon, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/0090-3019(91)90109-m

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Permanent hypothermia has shown to be very potent in reducing infarction size 6 hours after MCAO. Our results are in concordance with the results of Baker et al 25 reporting a significant reduction in infarction size as determined by TTC staining 6 hours after permanent MCAO occlusion and hypothermia of 24°C. Morphological protection measured 6 hours after MCAO occurred mainly in the cortex and was not significant in the basal ganglia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Although the validity of infarction size determined by TTC staining 6 hours after permanent MCAO has not been rigorously confirmed by electron microscopy, other studies have used TTC staining to determine necrosis within such a time frame. 25,34,35 Despite this limitation, TTC staining 6 hours after MCAO reveals that permanent mild hypothermia may significantly reduce infarction size. Zhang and coworkers 36 demonstrated that hypothermia is protective when induced 1 hour after transient ischemia in a focal stroke model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We maintained temporalis muscle temperature at the desired level at 37°C or 32°C because contralateral temporalis muscle temperature has been reported to approximate closely intraparenchymal brain temperature. 13,16,25 In the hypothermic groups (groups A, D, and E), 1 hour after MCAO whole-body hypothermia was induced with the use of ice packs until a target temperature of 32°C in the temporalis muscle was reached and thereafter was maintained at 32°C until 6 hours after MCAO. Cooling was performed at an average rate of 0.2°C/min; target temperature was obtained in roughly 25 minutes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of Decompressive Craniectomy and Mild Hypothermia Ameliorates Infarction Volume After Permanent Focal Ischemia in Rats

Doerfler

Schwab²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2001

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Both hypothermia and decompressive craniectomy (DC) have been shown to reduce ischemic injury in experimental middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of combined DC and hypothermia on infarction size and neurological outcome in a rat model of MCA occlusion (MCAO). Methods-MCAO was performed in 72 Wistar rats assigned to groups A through F. In group A, mild hypothermia (32°C) was induced 1 hour after MCAO for 5 hours; normothermia was maintained in group B. After 6 hours of survival, infarction size was calculated for animals of groups A and B. In group C, DC alone was performed 4 hours after MCAO; hypothermia without DC was performed 1 hour after MCAO and maintained for 5 hours in group D. Combined DC and hypothermia were performed in group E. No therapy was performed in group F (control). Infarction size and neurological performance after 24 hours were used as study end points (groups C through F). Results-Permanent

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of Decompressive Craniectomy and Mild Hypothermia Ameliorates Infarction Volume After Permanent Focal Ischemia in Rats

Doerfler

Schwab²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2001

Stroke

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“…Brief periods of 1 to 6 hours of deep hypothermia (24°C) were protective in a proximal pMCAo model. 15,16 Infarct volume after MCAo in SHRs was reduced by 84% in a study of 6 hours of deep hypothermia. 15 Even a brief duration (1 hour) of deep hypothermia followed by 2 hours of rewarming reduced infarct volume by 27% and 82% in SHR and Wistar rats, respectively.…”

Section: Mild Hypothermia In Models Of Pmcaomentioning

confidence: 98%

“…15,16 Infarct volume after MCAo in SHRs was reduced by 84% in a study of 6 hours of deep hypothermia. 15 Even a brief duration (1 hour) of deep hypothermia followed by 2 hours of rewarming reduced infarct volume by 27% and 82% in SHR and Wistar rats, respectively. 16,17 In contrast, brief periods (1 to 6 hours) of mild to moderate hypothermia (30°C to 34.5°C) had conflicting effects in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.…”

Section: Mild Hypothermia In Models Of Pmcaomentioning

confidence: 98%

Therapeutic Hypothermia for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Krieger

Yenari

2004

Stroke

194

125

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Background and Purpose-The significance of brain temperature to outcome in cerebral ischemia is recognized.Numerous variations of depth, duration, and delay of cooling have been studied in animal models. It is important to become familiar with these studies to design appropriate clinical trials. With that in mind, a critical review of the pertinent literature is presented, taking into consideration potential limitations in translating such laboratory work to the clinical level. Methods-Hypothermia is an especially robust neuroprotectant in the laboratory and has been shown to alter many of the damaging effects of cerebral ischemia. Most laboratory research on therapeutic cooling in cerebral ischemia has been conducted in rodent models of temporary and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and report the effects of mild or moderate hypothermia arranged during or after ischemia. Results-Intraischemic cooling vastly reduces infarct size in most occlusion models. Tissue salvage with delayed onset of cooling is less dramatic but is commonly observed when cooling is begun within 60 minutes of stroke onset in permanent and 180 minutes of stroke onset in temporary occlusion models. Prolonged postischemic cooling further enhances efficacy. Conclusions-Laboratory studies have shown that intraischemic hypothermia is more protective than postischemic hypothermia and more benefit is conferred with temporary occlusion than permanent occlusion models. The efficacy of postischemic hypothermia is critically dependent on the duration and depth of hypothermia and its timing relative to ischemia.

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Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Mechanisms

Han

Yenari

Molecular and Cellular Biology of Critical Care Medicine

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Hypothermic protection following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

Combination of Decompressive Craniectomy and Mild Hypothermia Ameliorates Infarction Volume After Permanent Focal Ischemia in Rats

Combination of Decompressive Craniectomy and Mild Hypothermia Ameliorates Infarction Volume After Permanent Focal Ischemia in Rats

Therapeutic Hypothermia for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Mechanisms

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