Hypothesis: Smoking decreases breast feeding duration by suppressing prolactin secretion

Bahadori, Mir Babak; Riediger, Natalie D.; Farrell, Sharla M.; Uitz, Elisabeth; Moghadasian, Mohammed F.

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.007

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The negative effect of smoking on the practice of breast feeding is wellknown and has been reported in other studies 19,20 . It is suggested that physiological aspects related to the consumption of nicotine affects the production of breast milk by reducing the levels of the hormone prolactin in the body, both during pregnancy and in the postpartum period 21 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Excessive maternal weight and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women of low socioeconomic status

Dallazen

Vítolo

2017

Rev. Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the impact of excessive maternal weight on the early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding Methods: This is a longitudinal study including mother-infant dyads of low socioeconomic status receiving prenatal care in Health Care Centers in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A structured questionnaire was administered to women in the last trimester of pregnancy, including weight measurements. Another interview was conducted six months after delivery, and data on infant feeding practices were collected and maternal height was measured. Maternal nutritional status was assessed using body mass index values according to gestational age. Discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding before 4 months was considered a low duration rate Results: A total of 619 mother-infant dyads were evaluated. The prevalence of maternal overweight in the third trimester of pregnancy was 51%. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 2.0 months. After adjustment for possible confounding factors, no association between maternal overweight and early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding was identified. Maternal smoking was identified as a risk factor (1.23, 95%CI=1.13-1.35) for early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding Conclusion: Excessive maternal weight was not confirmed as a risk factor for early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding. However, women who reported being smokers had a higher risk of early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding than those who did not smoke. This indicates the need for public health interventions to promote smoking cessation during pregnancy and in the postpartum period because of the deleterious effects of this habit on maternal and infant health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Excessive maternal weight and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women of low socioeconomic status

Dallazen

Vítolo

2017

Rev. Nutr.

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“…Smoking during lactation has been consistently associated with shorter breastfeeding and suppressed prolactin and lower breast milk volume are plausible mechanisms of action . The smoking prevalence in our study was 9.5% during pregnancy and 7.9% during lactation, but smoking during pregnancy was as high as 13.2% in a large sample of pregnant women in Northern Greece …”

contrasting

confidence: 46%

Reducing Caesarean sections and smoking after delivery could help to tackle shorter exclusive breastfeeding duration

et al. 2019

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“…This is important because smoking is associated with poorer breastfeeding outcomes (34, 35), an association that likely has a multifactorial cause. It was hypothesized that smoking impairs breastfeeding duration by suppressing prolactin secretion (36), reducing the volume of breast milk produced, and potentially resulting in insufficient milk. Studies suggest that almost one-half of regular smokers who quit during pregnancy resumed smoking by 5–6 mo postpartum (37, 38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Breastfeeding Problems Mediate the Negative Association between Maternal Obesity and Exclusive Breastfeeding at 1 and 2 Months Postpartum

O’Sullivan

Perrine²,

Rasmussen

2015

The Journal of Nutrition

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Background Compared with normal-weight women, women with obesity experience poorer breastfeeding outcomes. Successful breastfeeding among women with obesity is important for achieving national breastfeeding goals. Objectives The objectives were to determine whether the negative association between obesity and any or exclusive breastfeeding at 1 and 2 mo postpartum is mediated through breastfeeding problems that occur in the first 2 wk postpartum and if this association differs by parity. Methods Mothers (1151 normal-weight and 580 obese) in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II provided information on sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics, body mass index, and breastfeeding outcomes. At 1 mo postpartum, participants reported the breastfeeding problems they experienced in the first 2 wk postpartum from a predefined list of 17 options. We used factor analysis to condense these problems into 4 explanatory variables; continuous factor scores were computed for use in further analyses. We used maximum likelihood logistic regression to assess mediation of the association between obesity and breastfeeding outcomes through early breastfeeding problems. Results No significant effect of obesity was found on any breastfeeding at 1 or 2 mo. At 1 mo postpartum, for both primiparous and multiparous women, there was a significant direct effect of obesity on exclusive breastfeeding and a significant indirect effect of obesity through early breastfeeding problems related to the explanatory mediating variable “Insufficient Milk” (throughout the remainder of the Abstract, this factor will be denoted by upper case notation). At 2 mo postpartum both the direct effect of obesity and the indirect effect through Insufficient Milk were significant in primiparous women but only the indirect effect remained significant in multiparous women. Conclusions Early problems related to Insufficient Milk may partially explain the association between obesity and poor exclusive breastfeeding outcomes. Women who are obese, particularly those reporting breastfeeding problems that grouped in the Insufficient Milk factor in the early postpartum period, may benefit from additional breastfeeding support.

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Hypothesis: Smoking decreases breast feeding duration by suppressing prolactin secretion

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Excessive maternal weight and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women of low socioeconomic status

Excessive maternal weight and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women of low socioeconomic status

Reducing Caesarean sections and smoking after delivery could help to tackle shorter exclusive breastfeeding duration

Early Breastfeeding Problems Mediate the Negative Association between Maternal Obesity and Exclusive Breastfeeding at 1 and 2 Months Postpartum

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