Hypothetical Roles of the Olfactory Tubercle in Odor-Guided Eating Behavior

Murata, Katsumi

doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.577880

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Anti-locomotion is a focal point in our current study because both cannabinoids and orexin drugs cause sedation. The olfactory tubercle processes incoming sensory information which may include rewarding stimuli ( Wesson and Wilson, 2011 ; Murata, 2020 ). When CBRs and OX1R were co-manipulated in the current study, there was more CB1R-OX1R colocalization in the ventral striatum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo Evidence for Brain Region-Specific Molecular Interactions Between Cannabinoid and Orexin Receptors

et al. 2021

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The endocannabinoid and orexin neuromodulatory systems serve key roles in many of the same biological functions such as sleep, appetite, pain processing, and emotional behaviors related to reward. The type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) and both subtypes of the orexin receptor, orexin receptor type 1 (OX1R) and orexin receptor type 2 (OX2R) are not only expressed in the same brain regions modulating these functions, but physically interact as heterodimers in recombinant and neuronal cell cultures. In the current study, male and female C57BL/6 mice were co-treated with the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP55,940 and either the OX2R antagonist TCS-OX2-29 or the dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) TCS-1102. Mice were then evaluated for catalepsy, body temperature, thermal anti-nociception, and locomotion, after which their brains were collected for receptor colocalization analysis. Combined treatment with the DORA TCS-1102 and CP55,940 potentiated catalepsy more than CP55,940 alone, but this effect was not observed for changes in body temperature, nociception, locomotion, or via selective OX2R antagonism. Co-treatment with CP55,940 and TCS-1102 also led to increased CB1R-OX1R colocalization in the ventral striatum. This was not seen following co-treatment with TCS-OX2-29, nor in CB1R-OX2R colocalization. The magnitude of effects following co-treatment with CP55,940 and either the DORA or OX2R-selective antagonist was greater in males than females. These data show that CB1R-OX1R colocalization in the ventral striatum underlies cataleptic additivity between CP55,940 and the DORA TCS-1102. Moreover, cannabinoid-orexin receptor interactions are sex-specific with regards to brain region and functionality. Physical or molecular interactions between these two systems may provide valuable insight into drug-drug interactions between cannabinoid and orexin drugs for the treatment of insomnia, pain, and other disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo Evidence for Brain Region-Specific Molecular Interactions Between Cannabinoid and Orexin Receptors

et al. 2021

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“…However, further autoradiographic studies of the striatum would be necessary to gain more comparisons at this point. In general, more attention should be paid on the olfactory tubercle as a multisensory region, as it seems to play a crucial role in odor-guided behavior (Fitzgerald et al, 2014;Murata et al, 2015;Murata, 2020). The olfactory tubercle also differentiates in its cytoarchitecture, as it contains clusters of granule cells (Islands of Calleja) as well as a trilaminar cortical organization (Pigache, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurotransmitter Receptor Architecture of the Mouse Olfactory System

2021

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The uptake, transmission and processing of sensory olfactory information is modulated by inhibitory and excitatory receptors in the olfactory system. Previous studies have focused on the function of individual receptors in distinct brain areas, but the receptor architecture of the whole system remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the receptor profiles of the whole olfactory system of adult male mice. We examined the distribution patterns of glutamatergic (AMPA, kainate, mGlu2/3, and NMDA), GABAergic (GABAA, GABAA(BZ), and GABAB), dopaminergic (D1/5) and noradrenergic (α1 and α2) neurotransmitter receptors by quantitative in vitro receptor autoradiography combined with an analysis of the cyto- and myelo-architecture. We observed that each subarea of the olfactory system is characterized by individual densities of distinct neurotransmitter receptor types, leading to a region- and layer-specific receptor profile. Thereby, the investigated receptors in the respective areas and strata showed a heterogeneous expression. Generally, we detected high densities of mGlu2/3Rs, GABAA(BZ)Rs and GABABRs. Noradrenergic receptors revealed a highly heterogenic distribution, while the dopaminergic receptor D1/5 displayed low concentrations, except in the olfactory tubercle and the dorsal endopiriform nucleus. The similarities and dissimilarities of the area-specific multireceptor profiles were analyzed by a hierarchical cluster analysis. A three-cluster solution was found that divided the areas into the (1) olfactory relay stations (main and accessory olfactory bulb), (2) the olfactory cortex (anterior olfactory cortex, dorsal peduncular cortex, taenia tecta, piriform cortex, endopiriform nucleus, entorhinal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex) and the (3) olfactory tubercle, constituting its own cluster. The multimodal receptor-architectonic analysis of each component of the olfactory system provides new insights into its neurochemical organization and future possibilities for pharmaceutic targeting.

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“…The human orbitofrontal cortex is the final recipient of sensory information and is involved in reward and emotional value of sensory stimuli, including olfaction and taste ( Rolls, 2021 ), and decision-making in olfactory-driven food intake ( Seabrook and Borgland, 2020 ). Other projections reach the olfactory nucleus, taenia tecta, entorhinal and piriform cortex, the so-called olfactory cortices, and olfactory tubercle, which appears to modulate odor-guided eating ( Murata, 2020 ). Interestingly, also trigeminal stimuli can activate the piriform cortex, converging on the same chemosensory integrative center after entering the brain from the hindbrain ( Hummel and Frasnelli, 2019 ).…”

Section: Chemosensory Central Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not Only COVID-19: Involvement of Multiple Chemosensory Systems in Human Diseases

Caretta

Mucignat-Caretta

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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Chemosensory systems are deemed marginal in human pathology. In appraising their role, we aim at suggesting a paradigm shift based on the available clinical and experimental data that will be discussed. Taste and olfaction are polymodal sensory systems, providing inputs to many brain structures that regulate crucial visceral functions, including metabolism but also endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, and immune systems. Moreover, other visceral chemosensory systems monitor different essential chemical parameters of “milieu intérieur,” transmitting their data to the brain areas receiving taste and olfactory inputs; hence, they participate in regulating the same vital functions. These chemosensory cells share many molecular features with olfactory or taste receptor cells, thus they may be affected by the same pathological events. In most COVID-19 patients, taste and olfaction are disturbed. This may represent only a small portion of a broadly diffuse chemosensory incapacitation. Indeed, many COVID-19 peculiar symptoms may be explained by the impairment of visceral chemosensory systems, for example, silent hypoxia, diarrhea, and the “cytokine storm”. Dysregulation of chemosensory systems may underlie the much higher mortality rate of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) compared to ARDSs of different origins. In chronic non-infectious diseases like hypertension, diabetes, or cancer, the impairment of taste and/or olfaction has been consistently reported. This may signal diffuse chemosensory failure, possibly worsening the prognosis of these patients. Incapacitation of one or few chemosensory systems has negligible effects on survival under ordinary life conditions but, under stress, like metabolic imbalance or COVID-19 pneumonia, the impairment of multiple chemosensory systems may lead to dire consequences during the course of the disease.

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Hypothetical Roles of the Olfactory Tubercle in Odor-Guided Eating Behavior

Cited by 31 publications

References 49 publications

In vivo Evidence for Brain Region-Specific Molecular Interactions Between Cannabinoid and Orexin Receptors

In vivo Evidence for Brain Region-Specific Molecular Interactions Between Cannabinoid and Orexin Receptors

The Neurotransmitter Receptor Architecture of the Mouse Olfactory System

Not Only COVID-19: Involvement of Multiple Chemosensory Systems in Human Diseases

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