Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction

Chiu, Ken C.; Chu, Audrey Y.; Go, Vay Liang W.; Saad, Mohammed F.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.820

Cited by 1,532 publications

(1,273 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,141

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The CV for the total analytic precision of this assay was ≤ 9·9 % for 25(OH)D 3 and ≤ 5·9 % for iPTH (20,21) . The lower detection limit of this assay was 10·0 nmol/l for 25(OH)D 3 and 0·127 pmol/l for iPTH. Concentrations of 25(OH)D 3 <25 nmol/l were defined as vitamin D deficiency (22) .…”

Section: Laboratory Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The objective of our study was to analyse whether vitamin D status, as measured by serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 ; 25(OH)D 3 ) levels, and the levels of intact PTH (iPTH) are related to serum lipids and lipid ratios in non-institutionalised elderly people. Thereby, we took into account that these associations may depend on sex, age, body composition or lifestyle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Associations of serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and parathyroid hormone with serum lipids differ by sex and vitamin D status

Jungert

Roth²,

Neuhäuser‐Berthold

2014

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Although emerging evidence indicates an association between vitamin D and serum lipids, the data are still inconsistent. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 ; 25(OH)D 3 ) or intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was independently related to serum lipids in elderly women and men. Design: Cross-sectional study. Fasting serum levels of 25(OH)D 3 , iPTH, TAG, total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) were assessed. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Lifestyle factors, such as nutrient intake, time spent outdoors, physical activity, smoking, supplement intake and medication, were assessed by questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine associations of 25(OH)D 3 and iPTH with serum lipids. Setting: Giessen, Germany. 25-Hydroxycholecaliferol Parathyroid hormone Serum lipids ElderlyAccumulating epidemiological data indicate that vitamin D deficiency may be accompanied by susceptibility for chronic diseases (1) . Recently, a low vitamin D status has been linked to increased serum levels of TAG, total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as low concentrations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) . Parathyroid hormone (PTH), which increases in the presence of vitamin D insufficiency, was also linked to serum lipids (9) . However, the results are inconsistent and associations often vanished after controlling for confounding variables (5,6,8) .The question arises whether the assumed associations between serum lipids and vitamin D and PTH are independent from other cardiovascular risk factors like obesity, which has been associated with elevated serum lipids (10) and may also interfere with the vitamin D endocrine system (11) . In addition, the associations may differ by sex considering the differences in body composition and serum lipid levels between women and men. Previous studies were mostly performed on ambulatory patients and/or vitamin Ddeficient, middle-aged or overweight and obese individuals and often without adjustments for potential confounders, such as the association between vitamin D and PTH, body composition, medical conditions and/or lifestyle factors, including sun exposure, physical activity and habitual diet (4)(5)(6)(7)9,(12)(13)(14)(15) .As dyslipidaemia is an important CVD risk factor and an established component of the metabolic syndrome, treatment and prevention strategies are of particular importance (16) . This applies especially to elderly people, who are at risk of developing dyslipidaemia. Moreover, an advanced age is linked to vitamin D deficiency because of age-related declines in endogenous vitamin D synthesis, sun exposure

show abstract

Section: Laboratory Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and parathyroid hormone with serum lipids differ by sex and vitamin D status

Jungert

Roth²,

Neuhäuser‐Berthold

2014

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several large epidemiological studies have found 25(OH) D concentrations to be associated with improved insulin resistance and sensitivity (120)(121)(122) , but RCT have found mixed results; some have found a significant beneficial effect of supplementation (78,116,123) , while others have shown no effect (76,124) . An RCT in 100 apparently healthy, but centrally obese men observed an improvement in postprandial insulin sensitivity measured by the oral glucose insulin sensitivity index after supplementation with 3000 μg D 3 once a fortnight for 6 weeks: mean difference in change in oral glucose insulin sensitivity between placebo and the D 3 group was 41·1 (SE 15·5), P = 0·01 (78) .…”

Section: Insulin Sensitivity and Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and risk of CVD: a review of the evidence

Fry

Sanders

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review summarises evidence for an association between vitamin D status and CVD and the mechanisms involved. Vitamin D 3 is predominantly provided by the action of UVB from sunlight on skin. Average UK diets supply 2-3 μg/d vitamin D but diets containing at least one portion of oily fish per week supply about 7 μg/d. Pharmacological doses of vitamin D 2 (bolus injection of 7500 μg or intakes >50 μg/d) result in a smaller increase in plasma 25 (OH)D than those of D 3 but physiological doses 5-25 μg/d seem equivalent. Plasma 25 (OH)D concentrations are also influenced by clothing, obesity and skin pigmentation. Up to 40 % of the population have plasma 25(OH)D concentrations <25 nmol/l in the winter compared with <10 % in the summer. The relative risk of CVD death is 1·41 (95 % CI 1·18, 1·68) greater in the lowest quintile of plasma 25(OH)D according to meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Acute deficiency may inhibit insulin secretion and promote inflammation thus increasing the risk of plaque rupture and arterial thrombosis. Chronic insufficiency may increase arterial stiffness. There is no evidence to support claims of reduced CVD from existing trials with bone-related health outcomes where vitamin D was usually co-administered with calcium. Although several trials with cardiovascular endpoints are in progress, these are using pharmacological doses. In view of the potential toxicity of pharmacological doses, there remains a need for long-term trials of physiological doses of D 2 and D 3 with CVD incidence as the primary outcome. Ergocalciferol: Cholecalciferol: Cardiovascular riskVitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults and may contribute to the causation of CVD. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) is made by the action of UVB light on the skin but is also provided in the diet from foods of animal origin (eggs, oily fish and meat). Ergocalciferol (vitamin D 2 ) is present in fungi that have been exposed to UVB irradiation. Both forms of vitamin D undergo 25-hydroxylation in the liver to form 25(OH) metabolites, most of which circulate in plasma bound to the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). In the kidney, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is converted to the biologically active metabolite 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25 (OH) 2 D) by the action of 1α-hydroxylase (Fig. 1). This then binds to the vitamin D receptor, which is a highaffinity nuclear hormone receptor that regulates gene expression (1) . Measurement of serum 25(OH)D to assess vitamin D status has predominantly used immunoassays, which show lower sensitivity (about 30 %) to D 2 metabolites than gold-standard methods such as HPLC/tandem MS. Formerly, a lack of standardisation of methods and appropriate quality control made comparisons between studies difficult (2) . The situation has been remedied by the availability (3) of standard reference serum (SRM 972, National Institute of Standards and Technology) and a quality control programme in the UK organised by the Vitamin D External Quality Assessment Scheme (4) . It has...

show abstract

“…Pittas et al summarized the role of vitamin D on glucose metabolism [17,18]. Cross sectional and case control studies suggest an inverse association between vitamin D status, glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes [19,20].This could be due the distribution of VDR on pancreatic beta cells, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency and Insulin Resistance in Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Subjects

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin D is recognized to serve a wide range of biological functions. The presence of vitamin D receptors on different tissues explains it's diversity of actions. Reduced levels of vitamin D is associated with insulin resistance and increased diabetes risk. The study included 50 normal healthy individuals and 49 type 2 diabetes subjects. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLc, fasting insulin, parathyroid hormone, calcium, albumin and Homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR) were measured in all the study participants. Type 2 diabetes subjects were divided into group 1 with 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) B20 ng/ml and group 2 with 25(OH)D [20 ng/ml. By the results of this study, the mean 25(OH)D level was low (20.09 ng/ml) in type 2 diabetes compared to controls (23.89 ng/ml) and the p value was 0.02. The estimated insulin resistance by HOMAIR was more in group 1 than in group 2 of diabetes with p value of 0.037. The Pearson's correlation-coefficient was negative for 25(OH)D and insulin in type 2 diabetes (r = -0.294), 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with HOMAIR in total subjects. Type 2 diabetes subjects had reduced levels of vitamin D than normal individuals. The insulin resistance was more in vitamin D deficiency state. Hence vitamin D has a role in glucose metabolism, deficiency can result in insulin resistance and diabetes.

show abstract

Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction

Cited by 1,532 publications

References 29 publications

Associations of serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and parathyroid hormone with serum lipids differ by sex and vitamin D status

Associations of serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and parathyroid hormone with serum lipids differ by sex and vitamin D status

Vitamin D and risk of CVD: a review of the evidence

Vitamin D Deficiency and Insulin Resistance in Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Subjects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About