Hypovitaminosis D, objective oral dryness, and fungal hyphae as three precipitating factors for a subset of secondary burning mouth syndrome

Gu, Yang; Baldwin, Samuel; Canning, Carl

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19954

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…Fungal hyphae adhere to the oral epithelium and invade it by breaking down epithelial integrity. In a confrontation, vitamin D can trigger overexpression of RhoA and Ezrine proteins, which are involved in the enhancement of intercellular connections [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D deficiency and oral candidiasis in patients with HIV infection: A case‒control study

Tehrani,

Abbasian,

Dehghan Manshadi

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In addition, most of these patients suffer from vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and oral candidiasis in patients with HIV infection. Methods This case‒control study was conducted on HIV-infected patients. Cases were patients with oral candidiasis diagnosed based on physical examinations. Controls were age- and sex-matched individuals without oral candidiasis. The levels of 25-OH vitamin D and other laboratory markers (CD4 count and viral load) were compared between the case and control groups. Results A total of 104 cases and 102 controls were included in the study. The cases had significantly lower 25-OH vitamin D3 levels (MD = 33.86 ng/mL, 95% CI= (31.85, 35.87), P < 0.001) and CD4 counts (MD = 267.48 cells/mm3, 95% CI= (189.55, 345.41), P < 0.001) than the controls. In addition, viral load was significantly higher in cases than in controls (MD = 7.03 × 105 copies/mL, 95% CI= (4.46 × 105, 9.61 × 105), P < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that educational status (OR = 0.032, 95% CI= (0.002, 0.100), P < 0.001), current HAART (OR = 0.005, 95% CI= (0.001, 0.014), P < 0.001), history of oral candidiasis (OR = 20.114, 95% CI= (18.135, 21.957), P < 0.001), CD4 count (OR = 0.004, 95% CI= (0.001, 0.006), P < 0.001), viral load (OR = 12.181, 95% CI= (1.108, 133.392), P < 0.001), and vitamin D level (OR = 0.011, 95% CI= (0.008, 0.015), P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the risk of developing oral candidiasis. Conclusions Based on the findings, most patients with HIV infection suffer from vitamin D deficiency, especially those with oral candidiasis. Hypovitaminosis D was significantly associated with an increased risk of oral candidiasis. Thus, vitamin D supplementation may assist HIV-positive patients in improving their oral health and preventing oral candidiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D deficiency and oral candidiasis in patients with HIV infection: A case‒control study

Tehrani,

Abbasian,

Dehghan Manshadi

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Burning Mouth Syndrome Underlying Factors: A Roadmap From a Network Perspective

Castaño‐Joaqui,

Jiménez Ortega,

Cerero Lapiedra

et al. 2024

Oral Diseases

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ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between biological, psychological, and social factors underlying Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS).Subjects and MethodsA case (n = 40) and control (n = 42) study containing 80 variables was examined using two network models based on regularized partial correlations (n = 82).ResultsThe structure of the associative pathways with the BMS was revealed. Direct associations involved Gastrointestinal Alterations (0.23), Vitamin D Deficiency (0.29), Musculoskeletal Alterations (0.29), Symptom Severity Score 2 (SSS2) (0.22), Cortisol Variation (0.10), Interpersonal Sensitivity (0.04), Hostility (0.03). Global Severity Index, Symptom Severity Score 1, Psychoticism, Obsession‐Compulsion, Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization were indirectly related. The SSS2 was the most influential on BMS accuracy.ConclusionsGastrointestinal alterations and vitamin D deficiency show a significant influence on BMS while cortisol mediates in multiple associative pathways between musculoskeletal alterations, gastrointestinal alterations, vitamin D deficiency, non‐restorative sleep, fatigue, and cognitive problems. In addition to anxiety and depression, psychoticism, interpersonal sensitivity, and hostility stand out as psychological factors that seem to be related to a lack of vitamin D. None of the factors studied seem to have a relevant predictive potential for BMS, except for nonspecific symptoms of central sensitization.

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Hypovitaminosis D, objective oral dryness, and fungal hyphae as three precipitating factors for a subset of secondary burning mouth syndrome

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Vitamin D deficiency and oral candidiasis in patients with HIV infection: A case‒control study

Vitamin D deficiency and oral candidiasis in patients with HIV infection: A case‒control study

Burning Mouth Syndrome Underlying Factors: A Roadmap From a Network Perspective

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