Hypovolemia induced systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in two dogs

Hammes, Karen; Matos, José Novo; Toaldo, Marco Baron; Glaus, Toni M

doi:10.1016/j.jvc.2016.06.003

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Many cats with HCM also have DLVOTO 45 . Concentric LV hypertrophy and dehydration 52 leading to a small LV chamber lumen, increased LV systolic function, and geometric changes of the LV cavity including papillary muscle hypertrophy and displacement 53 all contribute to the development of DLVOTO 51 . In this study, LV cavity dimension was reduced in most dogs, and LV systolic function indices were increased in the vast majority of dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…The overlap between control and study dogs relates to both the presence of asymmetrical LV wall thickening in some dogs and the fact that measurements of only rightparasternal long-axis images (as opposed to both long-axis and shortaxis images) are displayed. Both short and long-axis images were considered in the diagnosis of HCM Concentric LV hypertrophy and dehydration52 leading to a small LV chamber lumen, increased LV systolic function, and geometric changes of the LV cavity including papillary muscle hypertrophy and displacement53 all contribute to the development of DLVOTO 51. In this study, LV cavity dimension was reduced in most dogs, and LV systolic function indices were increased in the vast majority of dogs.…”

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confidence: 63%

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Retrospective evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 68 dogs

Schober

Fox

Abbott

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background There is a lack of clinical data on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic findings, and survival in dogs with HCM. Animals Sixty‐eight client‐owned dogs. Methods Retrospective multicenter study. Medical records were searched between 2003 and 2015. The diagnosis of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy was made by echocardiographic examination. Results Three hundred and forty‐five dogs with LV hypertrophy were identified, of which 277 were excluded. The remaining 68 dogs were 0.3 to 14 years old and predominantly <10 kg (85%), and without a sex predilection. Twenty‐four % were Shih Tzu and 24% terrier breeds. Most (80%) had a systolic heart murmur. Owner‐determined exercise intolerance (37%) and syncope (18%) were most commonly reported signs. The majority (84%) of dogs had symmetrical LV hypertrophy, whereas asymmetrical septal and LV free wall hypertrophy was observed in 9% and 6% of dogs, respectively. Isolated basal interventricular septal hypertrophy was not observed. Commonly recorded were systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (60%) and LV diastolic dysfunction (89% of dogs where diastolic function was evaluated). Six dogs died unexpectedly, and 3 developed congestive heart failure. Known survival times were between 1 day and 114 months after diagnosis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in dogs should be considered as a differential diagnosis if LV hypertrophy is identified. Small breed dogs are overrepresented, and it is uncommon for dogs with HCM to develop CHF although sudden death can occur.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

mentioning

confidence: 63%

Retrospective evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 68 dogs

Schober

Fox

Abbott

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Although not specifically reported in cats, the development of systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve has been reported in dogs with PH or dehydration. 27,28 Ante-mortem histological characterisation of the lung parenchyma by lung biopsy was necessary to reach a definitive diagnosis. 18,[29][30][31][32] Further diagnostic procedures, such as endoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage, were not performed because of their limitations in diagnosing interstitial disease, and the low probability of reaching a definitive diagnosis based on the CT scan's findings and laboratory analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not specifically reported in cats, the development of systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve has been reported in dogs with PH or dehydration. 27,28…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental lung disease in a cat associated with high probability of severe pulmonary hypertension: natural history, histopathology and genetic analysis

Nebel,

Williams,

Lyons

et al. 2024

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary This report describes the diagnostic findings, natural history and genetic analysis of the candidate gene Forkhead Box F1 ( FOXF1) in a young cat with developmental lung disease and high probability of pulmonary hypertension. A 1-year-old male entire Chartreux cat was referred for cardiac murmur investigation and exercise intolerance. Echocardiography identified a high-velocity tricuspid regurgitant jet with right-sided cardiac changes, supporting a high probability of pulmonary hypertension. No congenital cardiac shunts or left-sided cardiac changes were found to support a primary cardiac cause of pulmonary hypertension. Extensive laboratory work, thoracic radiographs and CT were performed. Histopathological characterisation (lung biopsy and later post mortem) was necessary to reach the final diagnosis. Eight months after diagnosis, the cat developed right-sided congestive heart failure, eventually leading to euthanasia. Survival from diagnosis to death was 12 months. Relevance and novel information Developmental lung disease belongs to a group of diffuse lung diseases in humans associated with pulmonary hypertension. The veterinary literature describing lung growth disorders in cats is sparse, and the present report provides information on clinical presentation and progression alongside a thorough diagnostic workup, which may aid clinicians in identifying this condition. Lung biopsy was pivotal in reaching the final diagnosis. No causal variants in FOXF1 were identified.

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“…Similar to humans, dogs and cats with clinical signs of hypovolemia may develop smaller left ventricular and left atrial lumen sizes, and thicker left ventricular walls, referred to as pseudohypertrophy (100-102) (Figures 5A,B). Studies in cats, dogs and people suggest these changes are proportional to the severity of hypovolemia and reversible following successful volume replacement (98)(99)(100)(101)(102)(103). In human patients with normal clinical parameters, cardiac POCUS may detect smaller left ventricular cavity and atrial size, indicating volume status is suboptimal (48,52).…”

Section: Cardiac Pocusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Volume Status and Fluid Responsiveness in Small Animals

Boysen

Gommeren

2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Intravenous fluids are an essential component of shock management in human and veterinary emergency and critical care to increase cardiac output and improve tissue perfusion. Unfortunately, there are very few evidence-based guidelines to help direct fluid therapy in the clinical setting. Giving insufficient fluids and/or administering fluids too slowly to hypotensive patients with hypovolemia can contribute to continued hypoperfusion and increased morbidity and mortality. Similarly, giving excessive fluids to a volume unresponsive patient can contribute to volume overload and can equally increase morbidity and mortality. Therefore, assessing a patient's volume status and fluid responsiveness, and monitoring patient's response to fluid administration is critical in maintaining the balance between meeting a patient's fluid needs vs. contributing to complications of volume overload. This article will focus on the physiology behind fluid responsiveness and the methodologies used to estimate volume status and fluid responsiveness in the clinical setting.

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Hypovolemia induced systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in two dogs

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Retrospective evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 68 dogs

Retrospective evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 68 dogs

Developmental lung disease in a cat associated with high probability of severe pulmonary hypertension: natural history, histopathology and genetic analysis

Assessment of Volume Status and Fluid Responsiveness in Small Animals

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