Hypovolemic-Traumatic Shock Models in Baboons

Schlag, G.; Redl, Heinz; Khakpour, Z.; Davies, J.; Pretorius, Jannie

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76736-4_29

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Ltd., Pretoria, South Africa. Animals were instrumented according to Schlag et al [9]. Briefly, under pentobarbital anesthesia a catheter was placed in the brachial artery to measure the blood pressure and a triple lumen catheter in the brachial vein for infusion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Early Bacteremia/Endotoxemia and Inflammatory Responses after Trauma – Hemorrhage and Complement Activation in a Nonhuman Primate Model

et al. 2000

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There is criticism that the major line of evidence regarding posttraumatic inflammatory response and bacterial translocation has mainly come from experiments in rodents. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the very early bacteremia/endotoxemia and inflammatory response in nonhuman primates.Six baboons were subjected to hemorrhagic shock (40 mm Hg mean arterial pressure) preceded by infusion of zymosan-activated plasma (to simulate trauma-associated complement activation) followed by reinfusion for 1 h. Measurements of complement and granulocyte (PMN) activation, cytokines of the inflammatory network, soluble cytokine receptors, and bacteria/endotoxin translocation (BT) were performed.There were significantly increased levels of PMN elastase, interleukin-6, and soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors, but not of TNF. BT was evident from positive blood cultures, and from trendwise increased endotoxin plasma levels. Early liver damage was shown from elevated glutathione S-transferase (GST) plasma levels.Complement activation and hemorrhagic shock lead to an early inflammatory response together with bacteremia/endotoxemia as evidence of translocation from the gut already during the shock period in subhuman primates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it has been reported that the baboon is well suited to the study of posttraumatic events in a setting similar to that of human trauma victims [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Early Bacteremia/Endotoxemia and Inflammatory Responses after Trauma – Hemorrhage and Complement Activation in a Nonhuman Primate Model

et al. 2000

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“…It has been shown that these cells have the potential ability to both inhibit and enhance the activation of each other [8], The mechanism which is predominant depends on the circumstances and maybe varies with time during trauma or dialysis for example. Previous studies have indicated that platelet aggregation occurs before PM N aggregation and that platelet aggregation possibly has a priming effect on the PMN aggregation [9,10]. On the other hand, platelets have also been assigned a protective role via their potent enzyme systems for neutralizing oxygen radi cals [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conditions are known to activate several of the humoral and cellular mechanisms which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), e.g. platelet activation [9], Whether ARDS actually develops probably depends upon to what extent these pro cesses are stimulated. Accordingly, it could be hypothesized that the magnitude of any additional stress, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Pulmonary Platelet Sequestration Due to Infusion of Cold Saline during Extracorporeal Circulation

Malmros¹,

Blomquist²,

Mårtensson³

et al. 1993

Nephron

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We have previously documented that neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) aggregate in the lungs 10-15 min after the start of dialysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the corresponding platelet reaction and evaluate the effect of prewarmed priming solution on this reaction. The animals were divided into two groups, each consisting of 6 pigs. In group 1 the priming solution was prewarmed to 36-38 °C whereas it was maintained at room temperature in group 2. Platelets were selectively labelled with ¹¹¹In-oxine. The activity over the lung was followed dynamically with a gamma camera and already after 2 min a significant difference in platelet sequestration showed between the groups. A significant increase in pulmonary vascular resistance was noted in group 2, but not in group 1. In conclusion, platelet aggregation occurs early on during dialysis in this model. The results also indicate that prewarming the priming solution attenuates the pulmonary platelet sequestration and also seems to decrease the changes in central hemodynamics.

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“…Moreover, two independent randomized studies demonstrate an effect in the same direction. lung weight, using a subacute primate model of hypovolemic-traumatic shock with a threeday observation period (9). One-sided tests (increase of survival time and decrease of lung weight) should be performed in a multiple endpoint analysis.…”

Section: Application In Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Adaptive Interim Analysis in Pharmacology

Hothorn¹,

Martin

1997

Drug Information J

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A Drug Information Association Workshop on "Statistical Methodology on Non-Clinical and Toxicological Studies" was held March 25-27, 1996. The purpose of this meeting was to discuss the appropriateness of current and new biostatistical methods in this field of drug development. This paper describes the application of adaptive interim analysis in pharmacological studies. Bauer and Kohne ( 1 ) published a two-step approach in the case of unknown a priori information. This approach is now widely used for clinical trails. Here, the advantages of use in some pharmacological studies will be discussed.

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Hypovolemic-Traumatic Shock Models in Baboons

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Evidence for Early Bacteremia/Endotoxemia and Inflammatory Responses after Trauma – Hemorrhage and Complement Activation in a Nonhuman Primate Model

Evidence for Early Bacteremia/Endotoxemia and Inflammatory Responses after Trauma – Hemorrhage and Complement Activation in a Nonhuman Primate Model

Increased Pulmonary Platelet Sequestration Due to Infusion of Cold Saline during Extracorporeal Circulation

Application of Adaptive Interim Analysis in Pharmacology

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