Hysteresis in Muscle

Abstract

This paper presents examples of hysteresis from a broad range of scientific disciplines and demonstrates a variety of forms including clockwise, counterclockwise, butterfly, pinched and kiss-and-go, respectively. These examples include mechanical systems made up of springs and dampers which have been the main components of muscle models for nearly one hundred years. For the first time, as far as the authors are aware, hysteresis is demonstrated in single fibre muscle when subjected to both lengthening and shortening periodic contractions. The hysteresis observed in the experiments is of two forms. Without any relaxation at the end of lengthening or shortening, the hysteresis loop is a convex clockwise loop, whereas a concave clockwise hysteresis loop (labeled as kiss-and-go) is formed when the muscle is relaxed at the end of lengthening and shortening. This paper also presents a mathematical model which reproduces the hysteresis curves in the same form as the experimental data.

KCC Analysis of the Normal Form of Typical Bifurcations in One-Dimensional Dynamical Systems: Geometrical Invariants of Saddle-Node, Transcritical, and Pitchfork Bifurcations

“…It is known that the feature is accompanied by hysteresis: a lack of reversibility as a parameter is varied. The concept of the hysteresis has been of scientific and practical interest (e.g., [Borresen & Lynch, 2002;Burguete & De La Torre, 2009;Ramos et al, 2017]).…”

Hysteresis bifurcation and application to delayed Fitzhugh-Nagumo neural systems

“…Hysteresis widely exists in biology from microscopic cell biology [1] , genetics [2] and neuroscience [3] up to macroscopic bio-mechanical properties of organs such as the eye [4] and muscle [5]. In particular, hysteresis is one essential mechanism to generate bursting oscillations which play important roles in communication between neurons [6].…”