Of the various phases of transition alumina, iota-alumina (ι-Al 2 O 3 ) is the least well known. It is considered to be the end member of the mullite series in the limit of zero Si content. The structural details of ι-Al 2 O 3 are not available and its physical properties are totally unknown.Based on an appropriately modified structure of a high alumina content mullite phase close to the 9-1 mullite, we have successfully constructed a structural model for ι-Al 2 O 3 . The simulated x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of this model agrees well with a measured XRD pattern obtained from samples that claim to belong to ι-Al 2 O 3 . ι-Al 2 O 3 is a highly disordered ultra-low-density phase of alumina with a theoretical density of 2854 kg/m 3 . The calculated total energy per Al 2 O 3 is much higher than α-Al 2 O 3 and the other well-known disordered phase, γ-Al 2 O 3 .Using this theoretically constructed model, we have calculated the elastic, thermodynamic, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of ι-Al 2 O 3 and compared it with those of α-Al 2 O 3 and γ- only the weighted average of these spectra can be directly compared with the measured ones which are currently unavailable.