<i>Actinomyces</i> Mastoiditis in a 5-Year-Old Male

Gellman, S. Rosie; Milera, Andrew; DeNapoli, Thomas; Buckmiller, Lisa M.; Castagnini, Luis A.

doi:10.1177/0009922819874345

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Previous to this descriptive cohort, pediatric actinomycosis cases have been limited to case reports or small-size case series. [4][5][6][7][8][9] It is possible that actinomycosis have been more clinically relevant than we understood in the past, due to limitations in microbiologic identification as Actinomyces species can be difficult to grow in culture and standard microbiologic testing can lead to false negative results. 1 The use of newer bacterial identification methods, particularly matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight, has increased our ability to identify these organisms in clinical specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin and Soft Tissue Actinomycosis in Children and Adolescents

Demirhan,

Orner,

Szymczak

et al. 2024

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: Pediatric actinomycosis studies are limited to case reports or small case series. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to describe characteristics of skin and soft tissue actinomycosis in adolescents and children. Methods: We conducted the study from January 2019 to December 2022, including patients aged ≤21 years with at least 1-year follow-up data. All clinical cultures obtained under sterile conditions with Actinomyces growth were included. Results: One hundred four patients met inclusion criteria; median age 19 (interquartile range: 17–20) years, 68.3% female, 46.2% Black and 47.1% Hispanic. The median antibiotic treatment duration was 10 (7–10) days, and majority of patients received treatment with non-first-line Actinomyces antibiotics. Infectious disease consultation was requested for only 7 patients during their initial skin and soft tissue actinomycosis treatment. One-third of the patients with skin and soft tissue actinomycosis had documented recurrence within a median of 10 (interquartile range: 6–16) months of the initial episode. Monobacterial culture growth (85.7% vs. 63.8%, P = 0.02), patients with body mass index >25 (75% vs. 52.6%, P = 0.04) and patients with prior abscess in the same area (18.8% vs. 51.4%, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with recurrent actinomycosis compared to the nonrecurrent group. In a univariate logistic regression model, they were found to be significantly associated with recurrence; monobacterial growth [odds ratio (OR): 3.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–9.9], body mass index >25 (OR: 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1–7.0) and prior abscess (OR: 4.6; 95% CI: 1.9–11.2). Conclusions: Our study results highlight the importance of considering Actinomyces species in skin and soft tissue infections, especially in recurrent ones, and risk factors for recurrence. Suboptimal antibiotic utilization, very low numbers of consultations with infectious diseases and high recurrence rate suggest that providers should be informed and updated regarding this rare but hard-to-treat infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin and Soft Tissue Actinomycosis in Children and Adolescents

Demirhan,

Orner,

Szymczak

et al. 2024

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…The diagnosis of actinomycosis requires the fulfilment of two out of three of the following criteria: positive culture, positive histopathology or sulfur granules in the pus [4]. Of note, cultures for Actinomyces are negative in ~50 % of cases, and cultures should be followed for an extended duration of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Actinomyces are Gram-positive, anaerobic non-acid-fast and filamentous bacteria. Actinomyces are commensal species in humans and are frequently found in the oropharynx and genitourinary tract [4]. Infections with Actinomyces spp., despite being rare, do occur more frequently in the orocervicofacial region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomyces and Shewanella algae complicated paediatric mastoiditis: a case report of a multidisciplinary approach

Sousa

Hafe

Reis-Melo

et al. 2022

Access Microbiology

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Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in children is a rare complication of acute mastoiditis that can potentially be fatal. Clinical expertise is essential for early diagnosis and management due to its subtle course. We present the first known case of paediatric acute mastoiditis with venous sinus thrombosis caused by Shewanella algae and Actinomyces europaeus . A 17-year-old male presented clinical signs of right acute otitis media and mastoiditis. Brain computed tomography showed mastoid opacification, cerebral sinus thrombosis and an extradural collection. Microbiology revealed the presence of S. algae and A. europaeus . A multidisciplinary approach combining medical and surgical treatment allowed the patient to make a full recovery.

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“…We found 16 articles that reported an additional 16 cases of pediatric actinomycosis of the middle ear, published between 1974 and 2021. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The characteristics of the 17 cases, including our patient, are summarized in Table (Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/ INF/E804). The median age at diagnosis was 9 years (range, 5-14 years), and 10 cases (59%) occurred in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 To date, only 16 pediatric cases of middle ear and mastoid actinomycosis have been reported in scientific literature published in English. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] We treated Actinomyces otitis media and mastoiditis in a 9-year-old girl, in whom actinomycosis was diagnosed by histology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinomycosis of the Middle Ear in Children: Case Report and Literature Review

Ohnishi¹,

Sato²,

Asanuma

et al. 2022

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Actinomycosis of the middle ear is a rare infectious disease, characterized by a slowly progressive clinical course. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with recurrent otitis media, who presented with clinical signs of a cholesteatoma. She underwent tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty. After surgery, actinomycosis was diagnosed histologically. We also provide a review of 16 published pediatric cases.

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Actinomyces Mastoiditis in a 5-Year-Old Male

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Skin and Soft Tissue Actinomycosis in Children and Adolescents

Skin and Soft Tissue Actinomycosis in Children and Adolescents

Actinomyces and Shewanella algae complicated paediatric mastoiditis: a case report of a multidisciplinary approach

Actinomycosis of the Middle Ear in Children: Case Report and Literature Review

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