<i>Aedes aegypti</i>: An Emerging Model for Vector Mosquito Development: Figure 1.

Clemons, Anthony; Haugen, Morgan; Flannery, Ellen; Tomchaney, Michael; Kast, Kristopher; Jacowski, Caitlin; Le, Christy; Mori, Akio; Holland, Wendy Simanton; Sarro, Joseph; Severson, David W.; Duman-Scheel, Molly

doi:10.1101/pdb.emo141

Cited by 45 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…As with C. tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes aegypti is a potential threat for the transmission of JEV in Europe and the Americas due to globalization and climate change (1,10,11). A. aegypti is easy to cultivate and infect, and its genome has been characterized; thus, these mosquitoes are ideal for studying flavivirus pathogenesis (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

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confidence: 99%

mosGCTL-7, a C-Type Lectin Protein, Mediates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mosquitoes

Liu

Qian

Jung

et al. 2017

J Virol

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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus prevalent in Asia and the Western Pacific and is the leading cause of viral encephalitis. JEV is maintained in a transmission cycle between mosquitoes and vertebrate hosts, but the molecular mechanisms by which the mosquito vector participates in transmission are unclear. We investigated the expression of all C-type lectins during JEV infection in Aedes aegypti. The C-type lectin mosquito galactose-specific C-type lectin 7 (mosGCTL-7) (VectorBase accession no. AAEL002524) was significantly upregulated by JEV infection and facilitated infection in vivo and in vitro. mosGCTL-7 bound to the N-glycan at N154 on the JEV envelope protein. This recognition of viral N-glycan by mosGCTL-7 is required for JEV infection, and we found that this interaction was Ca 2ϩ dependent. After mosGCTL-7 bound to the glycan, mosPTP-1 bound to mosGCTL-7, promoting JEV entry. The viral burden in vivo and in vitro was significantly decreased by mosPTP-1 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) treatment, and infection was abolished by anti-mosGCTL-7 antibodies. Our results indicate that the mosGCTL-7/mosPTP-1 pathway plays a key role in JEV infection in mosquitoes. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying flavivirus infection in mosquitoes will provide further opportunities for developing new strategies to control viral dissemination in nature.IMPORTANCE Japanese encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus and is the primary cause of viral encephalitis in the Asia-Pacific region. Twenty-four countries in the WHO Southeast Asia and Western Pacific regions have endemic JEV transmission, which exposes Ͼ3 billion people to the risks of infection, although JEV primarily affects children. C-type lectins are host factors that play a role in flavivirus infection in humans, swine, and other mammals. In this study, we investigated C-type lectin functions in JEV-infected Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes and cultured cells. JEV infection changed the expression of almost all C-type lectins in vivo and in vitro, and mosGCTL-7 bound to the JEV envelope protein via an N-glycan at N154. Cell surface mosPTP-1 interacted with the mosGCTL-7-JEV complex to facilitate virus infection in vivo and in vitro. Our findings provide further opportunities for developing new strategies to control arbovirus dissemination in nature.

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confidence: 99%

mosGCTL-7, a C-Type Lectin Protein, Mediates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mosquitoes

Liu

Qian

Jung

et al. 2017

J Virol

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“…Since a 1 > 0, then (ρ 2 + a 1 ) > 0. Now we have proved that L 2 is positive, and by (6), the other states are also positive. If R(u) < 1, then P (0) > 0.…”

Section: Model Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On an average proportion, we let x(t 1 ; 0) = (8,8,6,6,5 One purpose of dividing the initial condition is to check which scenario arises with the cheapest cost, the one starts from t = t 1 (the earliest growth time), t = t 2 (the peak of outbreak) or t = t 3 (the population almost reach the coexistence equilibrium). It may also be the case that the cost increases with respect to the magnitude of the initial condition.…”

Section: Time-variant Optimal Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An optimal control model of mosquito reduction management in a dengue endemic region

2014

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Aedes aegypti is known as the responsible vector transmitting dengue flavivirus. Unavailability of medication to cure the transmission of the virus in the human blood becomes a global health issue in recent decades. World epidemiologists are encouraged to focus on the investigation over the effective and inexpensive way to prevent dengue transmission, i.e. mosquito control. In this paper, we present a model depicting the dynamics of mosquito population based on indoor-outdoor life cycle classification. The basic mosquito offspring number was obtained and analysis of equilibria was shown. We brought along a discussion on the application of optimal control to the model in which two simultaneous schemes were introduced. The first scheme is done by disseminating chemical like temephos in spots where eggs and larvae develop, meanwhile the second scheme is done by deploying fumigation through areas where adult mosquitoes prevalently nest, indoor as well as outdoor. A version of the gradient-based method was presented to set up a workflow in minimizing the objective functional with respect to some control variables. Numerical results from the analysis of the basic mosquito offspring number with constant control and from that with optimal control suggested that the application of fumigation is preferable over that of temephos. It was also suggested that applying both control schemes simultaneously gives the most significant reduction in the population.

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“…aegypti mosquitoes lay their eggs on calm and clean water environment. They lay their eggs in three to five batches during their lifetime, resulting approximately 100-200 units in each laying time 10 . In terms of quantity, the size of available blood meal determines the number of produced eggs in the field 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temephos spraying and thermal fogging efficacy on Aedes aegypti in homogeneous urban residences

Wijaya

Goetz²,

Soewono³

et al. 2013

ScienceAsia

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An optimal control model of Aedes aegypti population dynamics concerning classification of indoor-outdoor life cycles is taken into account in this paper. A dengue epidemics measure, the basic mosquito offspring, is obtained from the well-known next-generation matrix. The number is used to analyse the stability of the mosquito-free equilibrium. This mosquito-free equilibrium describes a steady-state condition in the mosquito population dynamics where there are no mosquitoes. Comprehensive analysis on the existence and stability of the positive non-trivial equilibrium state is shown as well. Further work deals with designation of the control measures and numerical implementation of the optimal control model using various scenarios. We highlight those measures expressed as the semi-discrete mass profile of the Temephos spraying and the thermal fogging.

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Aedes aegypti: An Emerging Model for Vector Mosquito Development: Figure 1.

Cited by 45 publications

References 48 publications

mosGCTL-7, a C-Type Lectin Protein, Mediates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mosquitoes

mosGCTL-7, a C-Type Lectin Protein, Mediates Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mosquitoes

An optimal control model of mosquito reduction management in a dengue endemic region

Temephos spraying and thermal fogging efficacy on Aedes aegypti in homogeneous urban residences

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