‘I Am Worthless and Kind’; the specificity of positive and negative self‐evaluation in adolescent depression

Orchard, Faith; Pass, Laura; Reynolds, Shirley

doi:10.1111/bjc.12215

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We suggest that these symptoms were bridge symptoms that highly contribute to the maintenance of a comorbid MDD+SP condition (Cramer et al, 2010). The feelings of worthlessness symptom is related to low self-esteem and involves self-view being affected (Orchard et al, 2018;Ybrandt, 2008). Anhedonia in comorbid depression and social phobia conditions may be related to social situation avoidance; studies have shown that frequent social avoidance could lead to severe SP which in turn often lead to the development of MDD (Cummings et al, 2014;Wardenaar et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Symptom network connectivity in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder and social phobia

Torre‐Luque

Essau

2019

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) and social phobia (SP) are both common and highly co-occurring psychiatric disorders. This study used symptom network analysis approach to examine comorbidity structure and the complex symptom dynamics which may play a role in the co-occurrence of MDD and SP. Method: Data comes from the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement, a nationally representative survey of adolescents ages 13 to 18 years. This study examined data of adolescents with a lifetime diagnosis of MDD (n = 597), SP (n = 708), and adolescents with comorbid MDD and SP (n = 189). Networks were estimated by means of 26 symptoms from both disorders. Results: All MDD and SP symptoms were involved in the network of both pure disorders and comorbid condition. Network structure was different between the pure disorders (p = .014), but not when comparing each of these disorders that have comorbid condition. Depressive symptoms of poor self-esteem and suicidal symptoms were central (i.e., showed a higher influence) in the symptom network for the pure disorders and for the comorbid condition. Other key symptoms in the comorbid condition network were two depressive symptoms: feelings of worthlessness and anhedonia. SP and MDD networks showed two common key SP symptoms: feeling uncomfortable when meeting new people and feeling uncomfortable talking to people do not know well. Conclusion: The study of symptom dynamics will provide useful targets for preventing the development of comorbid disorders as well as new lines of intervention to deal with key symptoms of psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Symptom network connectivity in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder and social phobia

Torre‐Luque

Essau

2019

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…Increasing negative memory bias over time was present in all groups, apart from the ‘Comorbid decreasing symptoms’ group, and therefore may reflect a normative effect. Adolescence is an important phase of developing a sense of identity and studies have shown that negative self-evaluations are highly prevalent amongst depressed adolescents (Orchard et al 2019 ). Thus, as adolescents get older they may become more sensitive to negative self-perceptions and recalling negative thoughts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Adolescence and the Co-Occurring Development of Cognitive Biases: Evidence from the CogBIAS Longitudinal Study

Songco

Booth

Spiegler

et al. 2020

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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The development of negative cognitive biases, together with symptoms of anxiety and depression, has yet to be investigated longitudinally. Using a three-wave design, the present study examined developmental trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms and the co-occurrence of cognitive biases, in a large normative sample of adolescents (N = 504). Data was drawn from the CogBIAS Longitudinal Study (CogBIAS-L-S), which assessed a wide range of psychological variables, including cognitive biases and self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms, when adolescents were approximately 13, 14.5, and 16 years of age. The results showed that overall levels of anxiety were low and stable, while levels of depression were low but increased slightly at each wave. Growth mixture modeling identified four distinct developmental classes with regard to anxiety and depressive symptoms. Multiple group analysis further showed that class membership was related to the development of cognitive biases. The majority of the sample (75%) was characterised by ‘Low symptoms’ of anxiety and depression and showed low interpretation and memory biases for negative stimuli at each wave. A second class (11%) displayed ‘Decreasing anxiety symptoms’ and showed decreasing interpretation bias, but increasing memory bias. A third class (8%) displayed ‘Comorbid increasing symptoms’ and showed increasing interpretation and memory biases. While the fourth class (6%) displayed ‘Comorbid decreasing symptoms’ and showed decreasing interpretation and memory biases. This longitudinal study sheds light on healthy and psychopathological emotional development in adolescence and highlights cognitive mechanisms that may be useful targets for prevention and early interventions.

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“…As indicated by the results, psychological status, measured by K6 scale was also associated with the self-evaluation in Chinese adolescents (total effect = 0.39). Psychological status acts as a major internal motive for improving psychological and physical health [35,36] and a few previous studies had investigated this association and reached supporting conclusions that adolescents with poor psychological status were prone to a negative selfevaluation, considering themselves inferior to others [37,38]. Consequently, those adolescents with distressed psychological status were vulnerable to lose their courage and determination to surmount di culties and experienced greater emotional instability (higher neuroticism), which can lead to a reduction in individual self-evaluation [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Influencing Factors of Self-evaluation in Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling

Zhai

Eshak

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Adolescents’ self-evaluation is an expressive form of their self-concept. Parental bonding, personality traits and psychological status were determining factors of adolescents’ self-evaluation; however, no study has tested the effects of the three variables simultaneously. We aimed to explore these effects by a systematic approach. Methods: Data came from the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The associations of parental bonding (measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument), personality traits (the Responsibility Scale) and psychological status (the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K6) with self-evaluation measured in three domains (the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for children and the Self-Discipline Scale) were tested by the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. Results: A total of 892 Chinese adolescents (Mage in years=10.72, SD = 0.89) were included. Signiﬁcant positive correlations were found among self-evaluation, parental bonding, personality traits and psychological status. The overall (direct and indirect) effects of parental bonding on adolescents’ self-evaluation was 0.49 (parental bonding→ self-evaluation, β=0.28; parental bonding→ personality traits and psychological status→ self-evaluation, β=0.21). Personality traits and psychological status were directly associated with adolescents’ self-evaluation (personality trait→ self-evaluation, β=0.78 and K6→ self-evaluation, β=0.39). Conclusions: The use of SEM offered a detailed analysis of the correlations between parental bonding, personality traits, and psychological status, and a systematic approach to investigate their direct and indirect effects on adolescents’ self-evaluation. The three factors were directly associated with adolescents’ self-evaluation and parental bonding had an indirect effect on adolescents’ self-evaluation that was mediated by both personality traits and psychological status.

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‘I Am Worthless and Kind’; the specificity of positive and negative self‐evaluation in adolescent depression

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Symptom network connectivity in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder and social phobia

Symptom network connectivity in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder and social phobia

Anxiety and Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Adolescence and the Co-Occurring Development of Cognitive Biases: Evidence from the CogBIAS Longitudinal Study

The Influencing Factors of Self-evaluation in Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling

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