<i>Anopheles</i>bionomic, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission in southwest Burkina Faso: a pre-intervention study

Soma, Dieudonné Diloma; Zogo, Barnabas; Somé, Anthony; Tchiekoi, Bertin N’Cho; Hien, Domonbabele François de Sales; Pooda, Hermann Sié; Coulibaly, Sanata; Gnambani, Jacques Edounou; Ouari, Ali; Mouline, Karine; Dahounto, Amal; Ouédraogo, Georges Anicet; Fournet, Florence; Koffi, Alphonsine A.; Pennetier, Cédric; Moiroux, Nicolas; Dabiré, Roch K.

doi:10.1101/638551

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…1). These villages were selected based on geographical (distance between two villages higher than 2 km and accessibility during the rainy season) and demographic (a population size ranging from 200 to 500 inhabitants) criteria [18]. The climate in the study area is tropical with one dry season from October to April (including a cold period from December to February and a hot period from March to April) and one rainy season from May to September.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We conducted three entomological surveys in the dry cold (January 2017), dry hot (March 2017) and rainy seasons (June 2017), respectively. During each survey, we collected human landing mosquitoes both indoors and outdoors from 17:00 h to 09:00 h in 4 houses per villages during one night [18]. All the mosquitoes collected were morphologically identified [21,22] and Anopheles spp .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mosquitoes were subsequently identified to the species level by polymerase chain reaction [23–25]. Detailed descriptions of the methods used are provided in our previous publication [18]. Overall, Anopheles funestus s .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present work is a baseline study conducted in the Diébougou area, southwest Burkina Faso, to quantify the behavioural interactions between humans and Anopheles mosquitoes. Results of the entomological surveys previously reported [18] were used in combination with human behavioral data to study human exposure to Anopheles vector bites. The work is part of a large randomized control trial designed to investigate whether the combination of LLINs with other vector control tools can provide additional protection over malaria cases and transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying and characterizing hourly human exposure to malaria vectors bites in rural southwest Burkina Faso

Soma

Zogo

Taconet

et al. 2019

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Background: To sustain the efficacy of malaria vector control, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the combination of effective tools. Before designing and implementing additional strategies in any setting, it is critical to monitor or predict when and where transmission occurs. However, to date, very few studies have quantified the behavioural interactions between humans and Anopheles vectors. Here, we characterized residual transmission in a rural area of Burkina Faso where long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are widely used. Methods: We analysed data on both human and malaria vectors behaviours from 27 villages to measure hourly human exposure to vector bites in dry and rainy seasons using mathematical models. We estimated the protective efficacy of LLINs and characterised where (indoors vs. outdoors) and when both LLIN users and non-users were exposed to vector bites. Results: The percentage of the population who declared sleeping under a LLIN the previous night was very high regardless of the season, with an average LLIN use ranging from 92.43% to 99.89%. The use of LLIN provided > 80% protection against exposure to vector bites. The proportion of exposure for LLIN users was 29-57% after 05:00 and 0.05-12 % before 20:00. More than 80% of exposure occurred indoors for LLIN users and the estimate reached 90% for children under five years old in the dry cold season. Conclusions: This study supports the current use of LLIN as a primary malaria vector control tool. It also emphasises the need to complement LLIN with indoor-implemented measures such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and/or house improvement to effectively combat malaria in the rural area of Diebougou. Furthermore, malaria elimination programmes would also require strategies that target outdoor biting vectors to be successful in the area. Keywords: Diebougou, LLIN, Anopheles, humans, behaviours, residual transmission

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying and characterizing hourly human exposure to malaria vectors bites in rural southwest Burkina Faso

Soma

Zogo

Taconet

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…This study was carried out in two villages, Dangbara (-3.284°; 10.766°) and Nipodja (-3.383°; 10.988°), located in the Diébougou health district in southwest Burkina Faso. These villages were selected among the five villages which received a pirimiphos-methyl IRS intervention in a randomized control trial run in Diébougou, southwest Burkina Faso (Soma et al 2019). The Diébougou area is characterized by an average annual rainfall of 1200 mm.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance status of malaria vectorsAnopheles gambiae s.lof southwest Burkina Faso and residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated pirimiphos-methyl insecticide

Soma

Zogo

Hien

et al. 2020

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The rapid spread of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and the rebound in malaria cases observed recently in some endemic areas underscore the urgent need to evaluate and deploy new effective control interventions. A randomized control trial was conducted with the aim to investigate the benefit of deploying complementary strategies, including indoor residual spraying (IRS) with pirimiphos-methyl, in addition to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in Diébougou, southwest Burkina Faso. We measured the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae s.l. population from Diébougou to conventional insecticides. We further monitored the efficacy and residual activity of pirimiphos-methyl on both cement and mud walls using a laboratory susceptible strain (Kisumu) and the local An. gambiae s.l. population. An. Gambiae s.l. from Diébougou was resistant to pyrethroids (deltamethrin, permethrin and alphacypermethrin) and bendiocarb but showed susceptibility to organophosphates (pirimiphos-methyl and chlorpyrimiphos-methyl). A mixed-effect generalized linear model predicted that pirimiphos-methyl applied on cement or mud walls was effective for 210 days against the laboratory susceptible strain and 247 days against the local population. The residual efficacy of pirimiphos-methyl against the local population on walls made of mud was similar to that of cement (OR=0.792, [0.55-1.12], Tukey’s test p-value =0.19). This study showed that one round of IRS with pirimiphos-methyl CS has the potential to control the multi-resistant An. gambiae s.l. population from Southwest Burkina Faso for at least 7 months, regardless of the type of wall.

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Whole-genome sequencing of major malaria vectors revealed an evolution of new insecticide resistance variants in a longitudinal study in Burkina Faso

Kientega,

Clarkson,

Traoré

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Intensive deployment of insecticide based malaria vector control tools results in the rapid evolution of phenotypes resistant to these chemicals. Understanding this process on the genomic level is essential for the deployment of successful interventions. Using whole genome sequencing data of 1409 individualAn. Gambiaes.l. collected from 2012 to 2017, we investigated the change in genetic structure and the evolution of the insecticide resistance variants in natural populations over time and space. The results showed similar and constant nucleotide diversity and negative Tajima’s D betweenAn. gambiaes.s. andAn. coluzzii. PCA andFSTshowed a clear genetic structure in theAn. gambiaes.l. species. Genome-wideFSTand H12 scans identified genomic regions under divergent selection and also having an implication in the adaptations to ecological changes. Novel voltage-gated sodium channel pyrethroid resistance target-site alleles (V402L, I1527T) were identified at increasing frequencies alongside the establishedkdralleles (Vgsc-L995F,Vgsc-L995SandN1570Y) within theAn. gambiaes.l. populations. Organophosphate metabolic resistance markers were also identified, at increasing frequencies, within theAn. gambiaes.s. populations from 2012 to 2017, including the SNPAce1-G280Sand its associated duplication. Variants simultaneously identified in the same vector populations raise concerns about the long-term efficacy of new-generation bednets and the recently introduced organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl indoor residual spraying. These findings highlighted the benefit of genomic malaria vector surveillance for the detection of new insecticide resistance variants, the monitoring of the existing resistance variants, and also to get insights into the evolutionary processes driving insecticide resistance.Author SummaryGenomic surveillance of malaria vectors is crucial for understanding the genetic variation in natural vector populations and also guiding the implementation of novel and innovative vector control tools. Application of sequencing technologies in vector studies provide insights on the genetic and evolutionary phenomena of vectors that could have impact on vector control strategies. By analyzing the whole genome data of 1409 wildAn. gambiaes.l. mosquito collected between 2012 and 2017, we showed an emergence of novel insecticide resistance markers alongside increasing frequencies of existing insecticide resistance variants over time in Burkina Faso. We showed the benefit of genomic surveillance of malaria vectors for the monitoring of the insecticide resistance variants and also providing insights into the evolutionary processes driving insecticide resistance.

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Anophelesbionomic, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission in southwest Burkina Faso: a pre-intervention study

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Quantifying and characterizing hourly human exposure to malaria vectors bites in rural southwest Burkina Faso

Quantifying and characterizing hourly human exposure to malaria vectors bites in rural southwest Burkina Faso

Insecticide resistance status of malaria vectorsAnopheles gambiae s.lof southwest Burkina Faso and residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated pirimiphos-methyl insecticide

Whole-genome sequencing of major malaria vectors revealed an evolution of new insecticide resistance variants in a longitudinal study in Burkina Faso

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