<i>Anoplocephala perfoliata</i>of horses – significant scope for further research, improved diagnosis and control

Gasser, Robin B.; Williamson, Ralph E.; Beveridge, Ian

doi:10.1017/s0031182004007127

Cited by 64 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…These relationships also confirmed by others (Gasser et al 2005; Traversa et al 2008) may explain varying effectiveness of coproscopic techniques during the invasion of tapeworms in horses. Another important factor that determines the efficacy of the coproscopic techniques is the weight of analyzed samples, which is relatively small (2 to 3 g) in the McMaster, flotation, and sedimentation techniques.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Comparison of the sensitivity of coprological methods in detecting Anoplocephala perfoliata invasions

et al. 2014

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The autopsy of 487 slaughter horses revealed the presence of Anoplocephala perfoliata in 36 animals. The invasions varied in the intensity (3 to 2,069 tapeworms) and in the level of tapeworms’ proglottid maturity. Twenty nine horses were found to contain tapeworms with gravid proglottid. Fecal samples collected from the rectum were tested using following techniques: flotation with solution-saturated NaCl, decantation, McMaster’s, and modified sedimentation-flotation methods (50 g feces samples, flotation solution-saturated NaCl and sucrose, specific gravity 1.25 g/ml). The number of A. perfoliata positive fecal samples was significantly higher using the sedimentation-flotation methods 21 (58.33 %) than flotation 6 (16.66 %), decantation 3 (8.33 %), and McMaster’s 1 (2.77 %) techniques. The sensitivities of the coprological methods during the patent period were 20.69, 10.34, 3.45, and 72.41 % for the flotation, decantation, McMaster’s, and sedimentation-flotation method, respectively. Sedimentation–flotation techniques proved to be more sensitive than other one. The lowest intensity of invasion possible to detect using this method was nine tapeworms with gravid proglottid.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Comparison of the sensitivity of coprological methods in detecting Anoplocephala perfoliata invasions

et al. 2014

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“…This virus effect could be either a direct effect of the physiological cost of infection, or an indirect effect of the increased superparasitism in infected parasitoids, as suggested by a previous study [50]. Indeed, virus-infected parasitoids are expected to develop more frequently in superparasitized larvae and must cope with intense competition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Influence of the Virus LbFV and of Wolbachia in a Host-Parasitoid Interaction

et al. 2012

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Symbionts are widespread and might have a substantial effect on the outcome of interactions between species, such as in host-parasitoid systems. Here, we studied the effects of symbionts on the outcome of host-parasitoid interactions in a four-partner system, consisting of the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi, its two hosts Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans, the wasp virus LbFV, and the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. The virus is known to manipulate the superparasitism behavior of the parasitoid whereas some Wolbachia strains can reproductively manipulate and/or confer pathogen protection to Drosophila hosts. We used two nuclear backgrounds for both Drosophila species, infected with or cured of their respective Wolbachia strains, and offered them to L. boulardi of one nuclear background, either infected or uninfected by the virus. The main defence mechanism against parasitoids, i.e. encapsulation, and other important traits of the interaction were measured. The results showed that virus-infected parasitoids are less frequently encapsulated than uninfected ones. Further experiments showed that this viral effect involved both a direct protective effect against encapsulation and an indirect effect of superparasitism. Additionally, the Wolbachia strain wAu affected the encapsulation ability of its Drosophila host but the direction of this effect was strongly dependent on the presence/absence of LbFV. Our results confirmed the importance of heritable symbionts in the outcome of antagonistic interactions.

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“…Earlier, it was reported that A. magna and A. mamillana as the most common tapeworm while A. perfoliata as a rare species in horses (Olsen, 1938). However, recent studies report that A. perfoliata as the dominant equine tapeworm worldwide (Gasser et al, 2005). Among the trematodes, Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dentriticum are recorded in horses with relatively low infections (Brucknell et al, 1995).…”

Section: Amongmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasites of domesticated and Feral Horses (Equus Caballus) in Sri Lanka

2017

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Horses are not native to Sri Lanka. They are imported from neighbouring countries to be used for police work, sporting or riding and esthetic purposes. An isolated population of about 500 feral horses lives in the Delft Island in northern Sri Lanka. These feral horses served hundred years for western conquests and when they left Sri Lanka, horses were left behind in the Delft Island. There are no records of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of horses in Sri Lanka and the present study was carried out to determine the GI parasites in the domesticated (free grazing and stabled) and feral horses. Fresh faecal samples were collected from horses and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively to determine the types of GI parasites and their prevalence and intensity. Qualitative analyses using direct saline and iodine mounts, simple test tube flotation, Sheather's modified sucrose flotation and sedimentation technique were carried out followed by McMaster counting technique for the positive samples. Identification of parasites involved morphological, morphometric and molecular methods. A total of 73 horses were sampled. All the feral horses (n=14) were infected. Among the domesticated horses, free grazers had a significantly higher prevalence of GI infections (46.7%) than the stabled ones (18.2%; Chi square test χ 2 = 4.787, df = 1, p = 0.029). There was no significant difference between helminth and protozoan infections among the three groups of horses (Chi square test, χ 2 = 1.453, df = 2, p = 0.484). Six species of parasites: Anoplocephala sp., Parascaris equorum, Strongylus sp. Isospora sp. Entamoeba sp. and Giardia sp. were recorded. Strongylus infections were recorded in all the feral horses with a high intensity but not in any of the domesticated animals. Strongylus is a highly pathogenic and the most damaging parasite of horses worldwide. It is important to investigate whether Strongylus infection is responsible for the high mortality recorded in the feral horses in the Delft Island especially because the Department of Wildlife Conservation is to declare Delft Island a National Park to conserve the feral horses.

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Anoplocephala perfoliataof horses – significant scope for further research, improved diagnosis and control

Cited by 64 publications

References 65 publications

Comparison of the sensitivity of coprological methods in detecting Anoplocephala perfoliata invasions

Comparison of the sensitivity of coprological methods in detecting Anoplocephala perfoliata invasions

Influence of the Virus LbFV and of Wolbachia in a Host-Parasitoid Interaction

Gastrointestinal parasites of domesticated and Feral Horses (Equus Caballus) in Sri Lanka

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