Antrodia cinnamomea —An updated minireview of its bioactive components and biological activity

Abstract

Antrodia cinnamomea or Antrodia camphorata is a distinctive mushroom of Taiwan, which is being used as a traditional medicine to treat various health‐related conditions. More than 78 compounds have been identified in A. cinnamomea. Large numbers of phytochemical studies have been carried out in A. cinnamomea due to the high amount of terpenoids. Besides that, the extracts and active components of A. cinnamomea were reported to have various biological activities including hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities. In this review article, we have summarized the recent findings of A. cinnamomea and its molecular mechanisms of action in various disease models. Practical applications A. cinnamomea, medicinal fungus used in traditional medicine in Taiwan also possess high market value. Aim of the present review is to highlight the compounds present in A. cinnamomea and their different pharmacological activities in preventing/cure various diseases/disorders. A. cinnamomea can be potentially developed into health foods or drugs.

2,4-Dimethoxy-6-Methylbenzene-1,3-diol, a Benzenoid From Antrodia cinnamomea, Mitigates Psoriasiform Inflammation by Suppressing MAPK/NF-κB Phosphorylation and GDAP1L1/Drp1 Translocation

“…A. cinnamomea is traditionally used to treat diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypertension, cancers, and itchy skin (9). The extracts and bioactive compounds from A. cinnamomea are reported to show biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective activities (10). The ethanolic extract derived from A. cinnamomea inhibits Th17 cell infiltration in the dermis of the psoriasiform lesion and can thus be a therapeutic option for psoriasis (11).…”

A Mechanistic Review on Medicinal Mushrooms-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Potential Mycotherapy Candidates for Alleviating Neurological Disorders

“…Antrodia camphorata, also called Taiwanofungus camphoratus (M. Zang & C. H. Su), is a unique basidiomycete belonging to the family Fomitopsidaceae. It is an endemic species that grows on plants of the family Lauraceae in Taiwan [42]. A. camphorata grows on the camphor tree, which is rich in terpenoids, polyphenolics, and polysaccharides.…”

“…A. camphorata grows on the camphor tree, which is rich in terpenoids, polyphenolics, and polysaccharides. A. camphorata has also been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has several medicinal properties against a variety of diseases [42,43]. Antroquinonol (33) is among the major bioactive compounds present in A. camphorata [44].…”

“…Intracellular levels of UTP depend on the availability of free uridine and thus function accordingly. Recent studies have revealed that ergothioneine (42), found in high levels in Pleurotus spp., has neuroprotective and neuritogenic activities [57]. Ergothioneine promotes the differentiation of neural progenitor cells into neurons by arresting cellular proliferation [57].…”

“…Orally ingested ergothioneine promoted neuronal differentiation and readily permeated the BBB, thus alleviating the symptoms of depression in mice [60]. The structures of uridine (41) and ergothioneine (42) are shown in ▶ Fig. 7.…”