<i>Arabidopsis</i>Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis Is Negatively Regulated by the<i>DEWAX</i>Gene Encoding an AP2/ERF-Type Transcription Factor

Go, Young Sam; Kim, Hyojin; Kim, Hae Jin; Suh, Mi Chung

doi:10.1105/tpc.114.123307

Cited by 153 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Recently, At5g61590, a member of AP2/ERF family and an orthologue of MtSERF1, which is involved in SE induction in M. truncatula, was identified as being a direct target of AGL15 (Zheng et al 2013). It was shown that At5g61590 (DEWAX-Decrease Wax Biosynthesis) acts as a repressor of the biosynthesis of cuticular wax (Go et al 2014). In addition, the ethylene biosynthesis genes, ACC SYNTHASE (ACS) and ACC OXIDASE (ACO), are expressed in response to AGL15 (Zheng et al 2013).…”

Section: Se-related Functions Of Agl15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Somatic Embryogenesis

Nowak

Gaj

2016

Somatic Embryogenesis: Fundamental Aspects and Applications

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE), the process through which already differentiated cells reverse their developmental programme and become embryogenic, requires drastic changes in the transcriptome of the explant cells. Among the various factors that underlie this developmental switch, genes encoding transcription factors (TFs), which constitute the sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, are widely accepted as playing a central function in the gene expression regulation. In recent years, intensive analysis of the global transcriptomes of plant cells that are undergoing embryogenic transition and the use of Arabidopsis (a model in plant genomics) in studies on the genetic control of SE have substantially contributed to the identification of SE regulators. A survey of SE-associated transcriptomes illustrated the combinational effects of stress and hormone signalling that are related to the in vitro environment that is imposed during a culture. Accordingly, among the TFs that are considered to be essential in SE induction, those that are involved in stress and hormone plant responses and especially flower development were found to be most frequent. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge about the TFs that are involved in the induction of SE in plant explants that are cultured in vitro. In addition to a general characterisation of the TF transcriptomes that are associated with SE induction in different plants, the individual TF genes with documented functions in the regulation of SE are presented with a special reference to their possible targets and the TF-controlled molecular mechanisms that underlie SE induction.

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Section: Se-related Functions Of Agl15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Somatic Embryogenesis

Nowak

Gaj

2016

Somatic Embryogenesis: Fundamental Aspects and Applications

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“…In plants, ACL activity is correlated with lipid accumulation [86] and its mRNA levels coincide with peak cytosolic ACCase expression [87]. In addition, negative regulation of ACL subunit A (ACLA) reduced cuticular wax synthesis in epidermal cells of Arabidopsis [88], leading to the notion that increased acetyl-CoA supply in the cytosol may be to support the synthesis and elongation of long-chain FAs. Two species of microalgae, Nannochloropsis salina and Chlorella sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dilemma for lipid productivity in green microalgae: importance of substrate provision in improving oil yield without sacrificing growth

Tan

Lee

2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

130

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Rising oil prices and concerns over climate change have resulted in more emphasis on research into renewable biofuels from microalgae. Unlike plants, green microalgae have higher biomass productivity, will not compete with food and agriculture, and do not require fertile land for cultivation. However, microalgae biofuels currently suffer from high capital and operating costs due to low yields and costly extraction methods. Microalgae grown under optimal conditions produce large amounts of biomass but with low neutral lipid content, while microalgae grown in nutrient starvation accumulate high levels of neutral lipids but are slow growing. Producing lipids while maintaining high growth rates is vital for biofuel production because high biomass productivity increases yield per harvest volume while high lipid content decreases the cost of extraction per unit product. Therefore, there is a need for metabolic engineering of microalgae to constitutively produce high amounts of lipids without sacrificing growth. Substrate availability is a rate-limiting step in balancing growth and fatty acid (FA) production because both biomass and FA synthesis pathways compete for the same substrates, namely acetyl-CoA and NADPH. In this review, we discuss the efforts made for improving biofuel production in plants and microorganisms, the challenges faced in achieving lipid productivity, and the important role of precursor supply for FA synthesis. The main focus is placed on the enzymes which catalyzed the reactions supplying acetyl-CoA and NADPH.

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“…In Euphorbia suspension cells, light has been shown to affect the chain length distribution of the alkanes produced but alkane synthesis can occur in the dark (Carrière et al, 1990). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the total wax loads from stems and leaves were ;20% lower in plants grown in dark conditions for 6 d compared with those grown under long-day conditions (Go et al, 2014). An AP2/ERF-type transcription factor that is preferentially expressed in the epidermis and induced by darkness has been show to down-regulate the expression of alkane-forming enzymes.…”

Section: Microalgal Alka(e)ne Synthesis Requires Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Synthesize Hydrocarbons from Long-Chain Fatty Acids via a Light-Dependent Pathway

Sorigué

Légeret²,

Cuiné³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

119

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Microalgae are considered a promising platform for the production of lipid-based biofuels. While oil accumulation pathways are intensively researched, the possible existence of a microalgal pathways converting fatty acids into alka(e)nes has received little attention. Here, we provide evidence that such a pathway occurs in several microalgal species from the green and the red lineages. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae), a C17 alkene, n-heptadecene, was detected in the cell pellet and the headspace of liquid cultures. The Chlamydomonas alkene was identified as 7-heptadecene, an isomer likely formed by decarboxylation of cis-vaccenic acid. Accordingly, incubation of intact Chlamydomonas cells with per-deuterated D 31 -16:0 (palmitic) acid yielded D 31 -18:0 (stearic) acid, D 29 -18:1 (oleic and cis-vaccenic) acids, and D 29 -heptadecene. These findings showed that loss of the carboxyl group of a C 18 monounsaturated fatty acid lead to heptadecene formation. Amount of 7-heptadecene varied with growth phase and temperature and was strictly dependent on light but was not affected by an inhibitor of photosystem II. Cell fractionation showed that approximately 80% of the alkene is localized in the chloroplast. Heptadecane, pentadecane, as well as 7-and 8-heptadecene were detected in Chlorella variabilis NC64A (Trebouxiophyceae) and several Nannochloropsis species (Eustigmatophyceae). In contrast, Ostreococcus tauri (Mamiellophyceae) and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum produced C 21 hexaene, without detectable C 15 -C 19 hydrocarbons. Interestingly, no homologs of known hydrocarbon biosynthesis genes were found in the Nannochloropsis, Chlorella, or Chlamydomonas genomes. This work thus demonstrates that microalgae have the ability to convert C 16 and C 18 fatty acids into alka(e)nes by a new, lightdependent pathway.

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ArabidopsisCuticular Wax Biosynthesis Is Negatively Regulated by theDEWAXGene Encoding an AP2/ERF-Type Transcription Factor

Cited by 153 publications

References 71 publications

Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Somatic Embryogenesis

Transcription Factors in the Regulation of Somatic Embryogenesis

The dilemma for lipid productivity in green microalgae: importance of substrate provision in improving oil yield without sacrificing growth

Microalgae Synthesize Hydrocarbons from Long-Chain Fatty Acids via a Light-Dependent Pathway

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