2014
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.131300
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Arabidopsis PIAL1 and 2 Promote SUMO Chain Formation as E4-Type SUMO Ligases and Are Involved in Stress Responses and Sulfur Metabolism    

Abstract: The Arabidopsis thaliana genes PROTEIN INHIBITOR OF ACTIVATED STAT LIKE1 (PIAL1) and PIAL2 encode proteins with SP-RING domains, which occur in many ligases of the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) conjugation pathway. We show that PIAL1 and PIAL2 function as SUMO ligases capable of SUMO chain formation and require the SUMO-modified SUMOconjugating enzyme SCE1 for optimal activity. Mutant analysis indicates a role for PIAL1 and 2 in salt stress and osmotic stress responses, whereas under standard conditi… Show more

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Cited by 76 publications
(98 citation statements)
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“…PIAL1 and PIAL2 were shown to have SUMO ligase activity, which is required for SUMO chain formation (Tomanov et al, 2014). Although the RING and SIM domains are necessary for the SUMO ligase activity of PIAL2, they are dispensable for transcriptional silencing (Figures 6A to 6C).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…PIAL1 and PIAL2 were shown to have SUMO ligase activity, which is required for SUMO chain formation (Tomanov et al, 2014). Although the RING and SIM domains are necessary for the SUMO ligase activity of PIAL2, they are dispensable for transcriptional silencing (Figures 6A to 6C).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PIAL2 contains a RING zinc finger motif (RING) and a SUMO interaction motif (SIM), which are necessary for the SUMO ligase activity of PIAL2; mutations in RING and SIM impair the SUMO ligase activity of PIAL2 (Tomanov et al, 2014). We introduced mutations into the RING and SIM domains (RING-M, C329A/ H331A; SIM-M, VFDL425AAAA) and performed a sumoylation assay to determine the effect of the RING and SIM mutations on the SUMO ligase activity of PIAL2 ( Figure 6A).…”
Section: Sumo Ligase Activity Is Not Required For the Function Of Piamentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…One exception is the collection of SUMO genes for which Arabidopsis and maize are more similar. Nine loci potentially expressing SUMO-type proteins are present in Arabidopsis, of which only four appear to be transcriptionally active (AtSUMO1, AtSUMO2, AtSUMO3, and AtSUMO5; Kurepa et al, 2003;van den Burg and Takken, 2010). AtSUMO1 and AtSUMO2 are closely related, redundant, and together essential, expressed at high levels, and become attached to an array of proteins, especially during stress (Kurepa et al, 2003;Saracco et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2010).…”
Section: Organization Of Sumo-related Proteinsmentioning
confidence: 99%