Arthrinium phaeospermum, Phoma cladoniicola and Ulocladium consortiale, New Olive Pathogens in Italy

Piccolo, Sandra Lo; Mondello, Vincenzo; Giambra, Selene; Conigliaro, Gaetano; Torta, Livio; Burruano, Santa

doi:10.1111/jph.12179

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our findings agree with the results of other researchers regarding the pathogenesis of U. consortiale, in which it has been reported as a causal agent of irregular necrotic leaf spots and cortical lesions on twigs in olive trees (Lo Piccolo et al, 2014), decay of caraway seedlings (Mazur & Nawrocki, 2004) and black lesions on tomato fruit (Bartz, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dieback and decline of wild almond (Amygdalus scopariaSpach) in the Harat protected forest of Yazd Province, Iran

et al. 2019

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Wild almond (Amygdalus scoparia) is a dominant shrub species in mountain forestsof the Irano-Turanian region. Dieback and decline symptoms of wild almond shrubs were first observed in Harat protected forest (Yazd, Iran) in the autumn of 2014. Since then, the incidence and severity of the disease have increased. To study the aetiology and estimate losses from the disease, field studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017.For this purpose, eight stands were selected, in which 24%-99% of the trees were wild almond in their species composition. In total, 50 cankers and 50 infected twigs of wild almond shrubs were collected. Fungal isolates were identified based on morphological and cultural characteristics, as well as sequence data of ITS1 + 5.8S + ITS2 rDNA. Pathogenicity of fungi was checked on detached shoots and evaluated after 40 days by measuring the discoloured lesion length at the inoculation site. Among 681 wild almond shrubs checked, 84.44% showed decline symptoms with different severities; only 15.56% did not show observable disease symptoms. The most frequent colonizers of infected tissues taken from cankers were Wilsonomyces carpophilus (56%), Thyrostroma cornicola (40%) and Collophorina paarla (30%). Infected twigs were extensively colonized by W. carpophilus (36%), Th. cornicola (24%) and Ulocladium consortiale (24%). Other species, such as Endoconidioma populi, Microsphaeropsis olivacea, Trichoderma asperellum, Paecilomyces formosus, Saccothecium rubi, Preussia sp. and Chaetomium globosum, had lower isolation frequencies. W. carpophilus, Th. cornicola, C. paarla and U. consortiale were found as pathogens on detached wild almond shoots. Based on the frequency of the isolates and the pathogenicity tests, four fungi, such as W. carpophilus, Th. cornicola, C. paarla and U. consortiale, are considered serious contributing agents playing a significant role in the dieback and decline of wild almond. All isolated species are reported for the first time on the wild almond shrubs of the world. K E Y W O R D S Amygdalus scoparia Spach, canker, dieback, fungal pathogens, Iran, Irano-Turanian forests, wild almond shrub

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dieback and decline of wild almond (Amygdalus scopariaSpach) in the Harat protected forest of Yazd Province, Iran

et al. 2019

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“…has already been reported as the most abundant genera in trees infected with V. oleaginea [10]. Like Chalara sp., species within the Foliophoma genus have been described as saprophytes but also as pathogens causing dieback and shoot necrosis in olive [36,37,38]. No such symptoms were observed in the olive trees used in this study, however these two highly detected genera in symptomatic plants, can be a secondary effect of the disease, behaving as opportunistic pathogens and increasing the severity of the infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…were present in both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants, in asymptomatic plants over 90% of the isolates are represented by these two OTUs, as opposed to 11% in symptomatic plants. Despite some Alternaria species having been reported to cause damages on olive [38,39,40,41], most species are saprophytic and/or endophytic. In this study no typical symptoms of pathogenicity caused by Alternaria sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Communities Associated with Peacock and Cercospora Leaf Spots in Olive

Varanda

Materatski

Landum

et al. 2019

Plants

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Venturia oleaginea and Pseudocercospora cladosporioides are two of the most important olive fungal pathogens causing leaf spots: peacock spot, and cercosporiosis, respectively. In the present study, fungal communities associated with the presence of these pathogens were investigated. Overall, 300 symptomatic and asymptomatic trees from different cultivars were sampled from Alentejo, Portugal. A total of 788 fungal isolates were obtained and classified into 21 OTUs; Ascomycota was clearly the predominant phylum (96.6%). Trees from cultivar ‘Galega vulgar’ showed a significant higher fungal richness when compared to ‘Cobrançosa’, which in turn showed significant higher values than ‘Picual’. Concerning plant health status, symptomatic plants showed significant higher fungal richness, mainly due to the high number of isolates of the pathogens V. oleaginea and P. cladosporioides. In terms of fungal diversity, there were two major groups: ca. 90% of the isolates found in symptomatic plants belonged to V. oleaginea, P. cladosporioides, Chalara sp., and Foliophoma sp. while ca. 90% of the isolates found in asymptomatic plants, belonged to Alternaria sp. and Epicoccum sp. This study highlights the existence of different fungal communities in olive trees, including potential antagonistic organisms that can have a significant impact on diseases and consequently on olive production.

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“…Nilsson [26] determined that U. consortiale causes soft rot (type II). However, U. consortiale is more commonly known as a plant pathogen infecting tomatoes and cucurbits, also causing diseases in caraway seedlings and olive plants [27].…”

Section: Identification Of Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Wood Treated with Copper Based Preservative by Two Dematiaceous Fungi: Alternaria Tenuissima and Ulocladium Consortiale

Raudonienė

Bridžiuvienė²,

Malachovskienė³

et al. 2019

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As cases of treated wood colonization by fungi still happen, the understanding of fungal survival abilities could contribute in the creation of new efficient preservatives. For that reason, two dematiaceous fungi Alternaria tenuissima and Ulocladium consortiale isolated from treated wooden joists with discolorations were tested for their wood decomposition ability and tolerance to a copper based preservative. Our results indicated that the copper based preservative failed to suppress completely cellulose and lignin biodegradation by discoloring fungi studied in wood. Moreover, cellulose degradation was higher in the treated sawdust for both fungi after 30 days than in the untreated. Comparing the results of two strains U. consortiale that is little studied as a wood decomposer, was stronger lignin degrader than A. tenuissima in treated and untreated sawdust. The copper sulphate tolerance test showed that both fungi were able to grow up to 7 mM concentration in a solid medium. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.20563

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Arthrinium phaeospermum, Phoma cladoniicola and Ulocladium consortiale, New Olive Pathogens in Italy

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Dieback and decline of wild almond (Amygdalus scopariaSpach) in the Harat protected forest of Yazd Province, Iran

Dieback and decline of wild almond (Amygdalus scopariaSpach) in the Harat protected forest of Yazd Province, Iran

Fungal Communities Associated with Peacock and Cercospora Leaf Spots in Olive

Biodegradation of Wood Treated with Copper Based Preservative by Two Dematiaceous Fungi: Alternaria Tenuissima and Ulocladium Consortiale

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