<i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i> polysaccharide regulates gut microbiota metabolites to protect against colonic inflammation in mice

Wang, Lilong; Yan, Chunhong; Wang, Linlin; Ai, Chunqing; Wang, Songtao; Shen, Caihong; Tong, Yuqin; Song, Shuang

doi:10.1039/d2fo02964b

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Indeed, the most predominant metabolite in our study is lactic acid: a result of the fermentation of rice by the LAB group bacteria. Lactic acid is also known to be anti-hypertensive, in addition to being bifidogenic [ 38 , 53 , 54 ]. Fermentation of polysaccharides has shown to produce Betaine, L-carnitine, and amino imidazole all of which upregulate the tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postbiotics of Naturally Fermented Synbiotic Mixture of Rice Water Aids in Promoting Colonocyte Health

Anbalagan,

Nandabalan,

Sankar

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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The eubiotic state of the gut microbiota is primarily brought about by various probiotic species that colonize the gut. It is becoming very clear that the probiotic-metabolite mixtures in the gut luminal milieu is central in establishing cross-kingdom signalling networks to maintain gut-multi-organ axes health. Culturally, different fermented foods and beverages have been regional staples since ancient times, and are known to be enriched with probiotics. However, regional variations including the environment, the staple food source (prebiotics), and fermentation methods, among other factors, influence the fermenting probiotic species. Fermented rice water (FRW), an economical, easy to make, simple beverage is a rich source of synbiotics. Therefore, consumption of fermented rice water allows for the intake of a variety of region-specific live probiotics. The secondary metabolites (postbiotics) present in such symbiotic mixtures may also contribute toward maintaining normal intestinal cellular functions. In this study, we highlight that regional staples such as rice consumed in their fermented form may hold promise in alleviating gut-related diseases. Our results show that simple overnight fermentation of cooked edible rice enables the growth of probiotic bacterial species belonging to the Lactic Acid Bacteria group (Leuconostoc lactis, Weisella confusa, Weisella cibacria, Lactococcus lactis, lactococcus taiwanensis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus nagelii, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. indicus). Metabolomic analysis of the overnight fermented and over two-nights fermented rice water identified more than 200 postbiotic metabolites. Our results show that postbiotics contributing to energy metabolism, gut-multiorgan axes, and microbial paraprobiotics are enriched in the overnight (~10 h) fermented rice water as compared to the over two-nights fermented rice water. Functional analysis via gene expression studies for nutrient absorption (mct-1 and mct-2) and barrier integrity (occludin and zo-1) reveals significant upregulation of these genes upon FRW treatment of HT29 colon cells. This study is a first-of-its-kind to demonstrate the proof-of-principle that postbiotics of naturally fermented rice water positively modulates colonocyte health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postbiotics of Naturally Fermented Synbiotic Mixture of Rice Water Aids in Promoting Colonocyte Health

Anbalagan,

Nandabalan,

Sankar

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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“…Inflammatory signals can induce the phosphorylation of ARS and regulate the cascade reaction of various cytokines and MAPK and other cellular signaling pathways [ 26 ]. Ascophyllum nodosum polysaccharide has been reported to inhibit the progression of inflammation mainly through regulating inflammation-related signals, including phenylalanine, tryptophan biosynthesis, and aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis [ 27 ]. Consistent with a previous study, JFP-Ps treatments altered the metabolism of various amino acids, including histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, proline and tryptophan, which are mainly related to the aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Jackfruit) Polysaccharides on Liver Injury Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Mice

Cheng,

Zheng,

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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In recent years, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) polysaccharides (namely JFP-Ps) have attracted much attention due to their multiple biological activities. This study aimed to explore the protective effects and the underlying mechanisms of JFP-Ps on cyclophosphamide (Cp)-induced liver damage. The protective effect of JFP-Ps was evaluated using HE staining, antioxidant testing, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot and ultra-performance liquid chromatography equipped with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) metabolomics analysis. The results showed that Cp caused pathological liver damage, activated oxidative stress and downregulated cytokine expression, while JFP-Ps treatment was found to exert antioxidant effects and play immune regulatory roles through mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κB (MAPK/NF-κB) related inflammation and cell apoptosis pathways to protect the Cp-induced liver injury. Metabolomic results showed that the liver-protective effects of JFP-Ps were mainly related to aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, purine metabolism and the citrate cycle. These results indicate that JFP-Ps have great potential application in alleviating liver injury.

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From structure to function: A comprehensive overview of polysaccharide roles and applications

Xu,

Li,

Ding

et al. 2024

Food Frontiers

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Polysaccharides, also known as glycans, are biological macromolecules consisting of many monosaccharide units. Alongside proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, they constitute the four fundamental substances crucial for life activities and essential for the growth and development of living organisms. As natural products with inherent biological activity, polysaccharides are widely available, nontoxic, and possess numerous functional properties, holding immense potential for advancement in food, medicine, and cosmetics. Furthermore, the exploration of polysaccharide‐based drugs, as an alternative to conventional therapies, emerges as a promising avenue for addressing future disease challenges. This article comprehensively reviews the sources, structural characteristics, synthesis, degradation, functions, and applications of polysaccharides. The potential of polysaccharides for pharmacological applications, in antitumor, antiaging, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, and anticoagulant properties, is summarized. Additionally, the role of polysaccharides in environmental protection is discussed. It is anticipated that this review will offer innovative strategic insights, serving as a theoretical foundation and inspiration for the subsequent research on polysaccharides in healthcare.

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Ascophyllum nodosum polysaccharide regulates gut microbiota metabolites to protect against colonic inflammation in mice

Abstract: Ascophyllum nodosum polysaccharide (ANP) could protect against colonic inflammation, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The present study determined metabolites of the gut microbiota regulated by ANP in order...

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Postbiotics of Naturally Fermented Synbiotic Mixture of Rice Water Aids in Promoting Colonocyte Health

Postbiotics of Naturally Fermented Synbiotic Mixture of Rice Water Aids in Promoting Colonocyte Health

Protective Effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Jackfruit) Polysaccharides on Liver Injury Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Mice

From structure to function: A comprehensive overview of polysaccharide roles and applications

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