<i>Asparagus racemosus</i>modulates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and brain monoaminergic systems in rats

Krishnamurthy, Sairam; Garabadu, Debapriya; Reddy, Nagannathahalli Ranga

doi:10.1179/1476830513y.0000000053

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is demonstrated that hypercorticosteronemia is observed in both T2DM and stress conditions and also in their cooccurring situation [7, 64–66], a result of overactivation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex- (HPA-) axis function [67]. Similar to earlier observations, there was significant increase in the level of corticosterone in the plasma in cooccurring T2DM and stress exposed animals in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Diazepam Potentiates the Antidiabetic, Antistress and Anxiolytic Activities of Metformin in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cooccurring Stress in Experimental Animals

Garabadu

Krishnamurthy

2014

BioMed Research International

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Psychological stress is considered as one of the limiting factors in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the basic objective of the present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of metformin, diazepam, and their combination in cooccurring T2DM and stress condition (DMS). T2DM was induced in the male rats by administering streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, i.p.) and nicotinamide (110 mg/kg, i.p.) with time lag of 15 min. Rats were subjected to two sessions of cold restraint stress paradigm for one hour on the sixth and seventh day after streptozotocin injection. Administration of metformin (25 mg/kg, p.o.) and diazepam (1 mg/kg, p.o.) in combination from the seventh to thirteenth day after streptozotocin injection showed better improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to monotherapy of either drug. In addition, the combination significantly attenuated DMS-induced hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypercorticosteronemia, anxiety-like behavior, and insulin resistance through modulating insulin signaling pathway in the liver compared to monotherapy. Further, improvement of mitochondrial function, integrity, and oxidative stress in hippocampus, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, striatum, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens was observed with the combination. Therefore, metformin in combination with diazepam may be a better therapeutic option in the management of T2DM with cooccurring stress condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Diazepam Potentiates the Antidiabetic, Antistress and Anxiolytic Activities of Metformin in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cooccurring Stress in Experimental Animals

Garabadu

Krishnamurthy

2014

BioMed Research International

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“…Monoamines can regulate the HPA-axis activity (Fukudo et al, 1992;Krishnamurthy et al, 2013). They are altered in different brain regions such as hippocampus, hypothalamus, PFC, and amygdala in both stress and IBS conditions p50.05 compared with RS+OÀ4 (one-way ANOVA followed by the Student Newman-Keuls test).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of eugenol against restraint stress-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction: Potential use in irritable bowel syndrome

Garabadu

Shah

Singh

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Eugenol, an essential constituent found in plants such as Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. (Myrtaceae) is reported to possess neuroprotective and anti-stress activities. These activities can potentially be useful in the treatment of stress-induced irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Objective: The protective effect of eugenol was assessed against restraint stress (RS)-induced IBS-like gastrointestinal dysfunction in rats. Further, its centrally mediated effect was evaluated in this model. Materials and methods: Eugenol (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg), ondansetron (4.0 mg/kg, p.o.), and vehicle were administered to rats for 7 consecutive days before exposure to 1 h RS. One control group was not exposed to RS-induction. The effect of eugenol (50 mg/kg) with and without RS exposure was evaluated for mechanism of action and per se effect, respectively. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex (HPA)-axis function was evaluated by estimating the plasma corticosterone level. The levels of brain monoamines, namely serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and their metabolites were estimated in stress-responsive regions such as hippocampus, hypothalamus, pre-frontal cortex (PFC), and amygdala. Oxidative damage and antioxidant defenses were also assessed in brain regions. Results: Eugenol (50 mg/kg) reduced 80% of RS-induced increase in fecal pellets similar to that of ondansetron. Eugenol attenuated 80% of stress-induced increase in plasma corticosterone and modulated the serotonergic system in the PFC and amygdala. Eugenol attenuated stressinduced changes in norepinephrine and potentiated the antioxidant defense system in all brain regions. Conclusion: Eugenol protected against RS-induced development of IBS-like gastrointestinal dysfunction through modulation of HPA-axis and brain monoaminergic pathways apart from its antioxidant effect.

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“…Despite the fact that AR is frequently used in foods and nutraceuticals.Its effectiveness has only been studied in relation to experimental disorders. Its goal was to determine the impact of standardised AR methanolic extract (MAR) on experimentally unaltered animals in order to determine the effects on stress pathways [23].…”

Section: Asparagus Racemosusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on hypothalamo-pituitary- adrenal axis

Vakkalagadda¹,

Darshan²,

Chaithra³

et al. 2022

The Jour Multi Res

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The effector hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis neuroendocrine system are the glucocorticoid hormones cortisol and corticosterone.The level of corticosterone, a systemic intercellular signal, changes dynamically with environmental and psychological stressors and predictably varies with time of day. A wide range of physiological and mental health issues are linked to irregularities in the typical HPA axis activity profiles. Despite several investigations that have uncovered molecular, cellular, and systems-level glucocorticoid actions to date, more glucocorticoid actions, and connections with clinical state, need to be discovered. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis feedback regulation may be compromised due to reduced mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)-mediated feedback in the brain. Medicinal herbs and their compounds have been shown to have a preventative impact against depression through a variety of ways. Medicinal plants can provide fresh ideas for antidepressant medication research.

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Asparagus racemosusmodulates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and brain monoaminergic systems in rats

Abstract: MAR showed a physiological modulation of the stress pathways. Interestingly, in most brain regions the change in monoaminergic systems was limited by a ceiling effect at a dose of 100 mg/kg. These observations could explain the traditional use of AR as an adaptogen and a functional food.

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Diazepam Potentiates the Antidiabetic, Antistress and Anxiolytic Activities of Metformin in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cooccurring Stress in Experimental Animals

Diazepam Potentiates the Antidiabetic, Antistress and Anxiolytic Activities of Metformin in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cooccurring Stress in Experimental Animals

Protective effect of eugenol against restraint stress-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction: Potential use in irritable bowel syndrome

A review on hypothalamo-pituitary- adrenal axis

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