<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>infection on a home-made tattoo

Kluger, Nicolas; Saarinen, Kimmo

doi:10.1111/bjd.12859

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These include not only bacterial and mycobacterial infections, but also viral infections [8,16]. In addition, tattoo-associated dermatophyte infections (similar to tinea corporis in the man in this report) and systemic fungal infections have been noted to appear within tattoos [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In addition, the rationale for this report is to summarize the characteristics of persons with tattoo-associated systemic fungal infections. These issues are of importance since they provide evidence of a potential role of tattooing as a contributing etiology for dermatophyte and systemic fungal infection within a tattoo [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tinea and Tattoo: A Man Who Developed Tattoo-Associated Tinea Corporis and a Review of Dermatophyte and Systemic Fungal Infections Occurring Within a Tattoo

Cohen¹,

Crowley²,

Erickson³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Fungal infections may occur within tattoos. These include not only dermatophyte infections (tattooassociated tinea) but also systemic mycoses (tattoo-associated systemic fungal infections). The PubMed search engine, accessing the MEDLINE database, was used to search for all papers with the terms: (1) tinea and tattoo, and (2) systemic fungal infection and tattoo. Tattoo-associated tinea corporis has been observed in 12 individuals with 13 tattoos; this includes the 18-year-old man who developed a dermatophyte infection, restricted to the black ink, less than one-month after tattoo inoculation on his left arm described in this report.Tattoo-associated tinea typically occurred on an extremity in the black ink. The diagnosis was established either by skin biopsy, fungal culture, and/or potassium hydroxide preparation. The cultured dermatophytes included Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, and Trichophyton tonsurans. Several sources for the tinea were documented: autoinfection (two patients), anthrophilic (tinea capitis from the patient's son), and zoophilic (either the patient's cat or dog). Three patients presented with tinea incognito resulting from prior corticosteroid treatment. Tinea appeared either early (within one month or less after inoculation during tattoo healing) in six patients or later (more than two months post-inoculation in a healed tattoo) in six patients.Injury to the skin from the tattoo needle, or use of non-sterile instruments, or contaminated ink, and/or contact with a human or animal dermatophyte source are possible causes of early tinea infection. Tattoo ink-related phenomenon (presence of nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and cytokineenhancement) and/or the creation of an immunocompromised cutaneous district are potential causes of late tinea infection. Treatment with topical and/or oral antifungal agents provided complete resolution of the dermatophyte for all the patients with tattoo-associated tinea.Tattoo-associated systemic fungal infection has been reported in six patients: five men and one patient whose age, sex, immune status, and some tattoo features (duration, color, and treatment) were not reported. The onset of infection after tattoo inoculation was either within less than one month (two men), three months (two men), or 69 months (one man). The tattoo was dark (either black or blue) and often presented as papules (three men) or nodules (two men) that were either individual or multiple and intact or ulcerated. The lesion was asymptomatic (one man), non-tender (one man), or painful (one man). The systemic fungal organisms included Acremonium species, Aspergillus fumigatus, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Saksenaea vasiformis, and Sporothrix schenckii. Contaminated tattoo ink was a confirmed cause of the systemic fungal infection in one patient; other postulated sources included non-professional tattoo inoculation, infected tattooing tool and/or ink in an immunosuppression host, and contaminated ritual tattooing instrume...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tinea and Tattoo: A Man Who Developed Tattoo-Associated Tinea Corporis and a Review of Dermatophyte and Systemic Fungal Infections Occurring Within a Tattoo

Cohen¹,

Crowley²,

Erickson³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Aspergillus skin and soft‐tissue infections primarily occur in immunocompromised patients. However, primary cutaneous aspergillosis has recently also been reported on a tattoo in an immunocompetent patient who underwent home tattooing . In immunocompromised patients, IA can manifest in skin and soft tissue, either as primary cutaneous Aspergillus infection or as secondary cutaneous manifestations of an underlying disseminated Aspergillus infection.…”

Section: Skin and Soft‐tissue Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, primary cutaneous aspergillosis has recently also been reported on a tattoo in an immunocompetent patient who underwent home tattooing. 102 In immunocompromised patients, IA can manifest in skin and soft tissue, either as primary cutaneous Aspergillus infection or as secondary cutaneous manifestations of an underlying disseminated Aspergillus infection. Primary cutaneous aspergillosis mostly arises around intravenous line site, burns, bruises or surgical wounds, which represent potential ports of entry in patients with neutropenia.…”

Section: Pleuritismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of surgical debridement in different clinical manifestations of invasive aspergillosis

Reischies

Hoenigl

2014

Mycoses

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SummaryInvasive aspergillosis (IA) has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and is associated with high mortality rates. Early initiation of systemic antimould therapy remains the most important measure to reduce mortality. Surgical debridement is an important additional therapeutic option mainly in cases of extrapulmonary IA. The main intention for surgical intervention in IA is to obtain material for diagnosis and antifungal susceptibility testing. There are, however, also therapeutic implications for surgical interventions in rare manifestation of IA such as endocarditis or mycotic aneurysm. Here, we will review the role of surgical interventions in the treatment of different clinical manifestations of IA.

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“…Cutaneous infection on a tattoo occurs mainly because of a direct inoculation during the procedure, either because of the lack of asepsis or hygiene of the tattooist or contaminated ink or during the healing of the tattoo by a lack of proper aftercare . The microorganisms usually involved are pyogenic bacteria but also environmental mycobacteria and more rarely traditional mycobacteria or fungus . Viral infections include mainly human papillomavirus (viral warts) and poxviruses (molluscum contagiosum), but they may develop within a very large range of delay after tattooing – up to 10 years after.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%