<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Bacteremia from Gastrointestinal Perforation after Natto Ingestion, Japan

Hashimoto, Takehiro; Yahiro, Takaaki; Khan, Sakirul; Kimitsuki, Kazunori; Hiramatsu, Kazufumi; Nishizono, Akira

doi:10.3201/eid2910.230084

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…natto, such as bloodstream infections and meningitis in natto consumers. 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 To our knowledge, this case is the first report of community‐acquired pneumonia via this pathogen. The mechanism of pneumonia is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A case of community‐acquired pneumonia caused by Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto in an immunocompetent patient

Tani,

Takehara,

Ishioka

et al. 2024

Respirology Case Reports

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A 70‐year‐old immunocompetent male with a history of insomnia presented with pneumonia and bacteremia caused by Bacillus subtilis. The patient took benzodiazepines and regularly consumed alcohol and natto (fermented soybeans). Initial antibiotic treatment was not effective, and bronchoalveolar lavage was performed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis revealed an increased lymphocytes fraction, and B. subtilis was detected in the BALF. Whole‐genome sequencing confirmed the congruence of the genetic sequences between the strain in the blood culture of the patient, BALF, and strain isolated from the consumed natto, confirming B. subtilis subsp. natto as the causative pathogen of pneumonia and bacteremia. Vancomycin followed by levofloxacin and systemic corticosteroid were used to treat the condition. This case highlights community‐acquired pneumonia and bacteremia caused by B. subtilis subsp. natto, particularly in individuals who consume natto.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…natto , particularly in cases of gastrointestinal perforation or immunocompromised individuals. 1 , 2 , 3 On the contrary, there are no reports of community‐acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent host. We report a case of pneumonia and bacteremia caused by B. subtilis subsp .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of community‐acquired pneumonia caused by Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto in an immunocompetent patient

Tani,

Takehara,

Ishioka

et al. 2024

Respirology Case Reports

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“…Only four cases of bacteremia caused by B. subtilis var. natto have been reported previously, all of which were associated with immunodeficiency or gastrointestinal lesions [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] . Here, we report a case of persistent bacteremia caused by B. subtilis var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…natto is a less toxic bacterium, it is thought that reduced immunity puts patients at risk of developing the disease. Tanaka et al [2] and Hashimoto et al [3] reported cases of B. subtilis var. natto bacteremia in patients with gastrointestinal perforation, whereas Tokano et al reported a case of B. subtilis var.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of Bacillus subtilis variant natto-induced persistent bacteremia with liver and splenic abscesses in an immunocompetent patient

Amemiya,

Ohkusu,

Murayama

et al. 2024

IDCases

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“…Probiotic usage of Shouchella clausii (Bacillus clausii) (Erbas et al, 2023) and of Bacillus licheniformis (Zou et al, 2024) leads to bacteraemia in an immunocompromised patient. Bacteraemia related to Bacillus subtilis (Hashimoto et al, 2023;Kato et al, 2022;Ochi et al, 2023;Tokano et al, 2023) was diagnosed in immunocompromised patients.…”

Section: Bacillus Spp and Related Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the list of qualified presumption of safety (QPS) recommended microbiological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 20: Suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until March 2024

Koutsoumanis,

Allende,

Alvarez‐Ordóñez

et al. 2024

EFS2

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The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) process was developed to provide a safety assessment approach for microorganisms intended for use in food or feed chains. In the period covered by this statement, no new information was found that would change the status of previously recommended QPS TUs. The TUs in the QPS list were updated based on a verification, against their respective authoritative databases, of the correctness of the names and completeness of synonyms. A new procedure has been established to ensure the TUs are kept up to date in relation to recent taxonomical insights. Of 83 microorganisms notified to EFSA between October 2023 and March 2024 (47 as feed additives, 25 as food enzymes or additives, 11 as novel foods), 75 were not evaluated because: 15 were filamentous fungi, 1 was Enterococcus faecium, 10 were Escherichia coli, 1 was a Streptomyces (all excluded from the QPS evaluation) and 48 were TUs that already have a QPS status. Two of the other eight notifications were already evaluated for a possible QPS status in the previous Panel Statement: Heyndrickxia faecalis (previously Weizmannia faecalis) and Serratia marcescens. One was notified at genus level so could not be assessed for QPS status. The other five notifications belonging to five TUs were assessed for possible QPS status. Akkermansia muciniphila and Actinomadura roseirufa were still not recommended for QPS status due to safety concerns. Rhizobium radiobacter can be recommended for QPS status with the qualification for production purposes. Microbacterium arborescens and Burkholderia stagnalis cannot be included in the QPS list due to a lack of body of knowledge for its use in the food and feed chain and for B. stagnalis also due to safety concerns. A. roseirufa and B. stagnalis have been excluded from further QPS assessment.

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Bacillus subtilis Bacteremia from Gastrointestinal Perforation after Natto Ingestion, Japan

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

A case of community‐acquired pneumonia caused by Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto in an immunocompetent patient

A case of community‐acquired pneumonia caused by Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto in an immunocompetent patient

A rare case of Bacillus subtilis variant natto-induced persistent bacteremia with liver and splenic abscesses in an immunocompetent patient

Update of the list of qualified presumption of safety (QPS) recommended microbiological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 20: Suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until March 2024

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