Bacillus toyonensisBCT‐7112^Ttransient supplementation improves vaccine efficacy in ewes vaccinated againstClostridium perfringensepsilon toxin

Abstract

Aim The aim of the present study was to examine the vaccine immune response in ewes supplemented with Bacillus toyonensis BCT‐7112T during a period of 5‐day supplementation before vaccination against a recombinant Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (rETX). Methods and Results Ewes were vaccinated with 200 µg of rETX adjuvanted with 10% aluminium hydroxide. The treat group was orally supplemented with B. toyonensis BCT‐7112T (3 × 108 viable spores) for 5 days prior to the first and second vaccination. Ewes supplemented with B. toyonensis BCT‐7112T showed higher neutralizing antibody titres than the non‐supplemented ewes (P < 0·05), with an increase in serum levels for total IgG anti‐rETX by 3·2‐fold (P < 0·0001), and for both IgG isotypes IgG1 and IgG2 by 2·1‐fold and 2·3‐fold (P < 0·01), respectively, compared with the control group. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ewes in the supplemented group had a higher (P < 0·05) cytokine mRNA transcription levels for IL‐2 (6·4‐fold increase), IFN‐γ (2·9‐fold increase) and transcription factor Bcl6 (2·3‐fold increase) compared with the control group. Conclusion We conclude that a 5 days of supplementation with B. toyonensis BCT‐7112T prior vaccination is sufficient to significantly improve the humoral immune response of ewes against C. perfringens recombinant ETX vaccine. Significance and Impact of the study These findings open a new perspective in the utilization of B. toyonensis BCT‐7112T as an immunomodulator since a 5 days period of probiotic supplementation is sufficient to improve the vaccine immune response.

Probiotics and probiotic-based vaccines: A novel approach for improving vaccine efficacy

“…Bacillus toyonensis ( B . toyonensis ) BCT-7112 was also enabled to improve the humoral immune response of ewes against the clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (rETX) vaccine and boost higher neutralizing antibody titers ( 113 ). B. toyonensis and Saccharomyces boulardii also successfully boosted antibody production and expression of IFN-γ, IL2, and Bcl6 genes in Clostridium chauvoei vaccinated sheep ( 114 ).…”

Measurement over 1 Year of Neutralizing Antibodies in Cattle Immunized with Trivalent Vaccines Recombinant Alpha, Beta and Epsilon of Clostridium perfringens

“…Probiotics can act as immunomodulators and enhancers of the immune response of animals after vaccination [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In a recent study, ewes immunized with a formulation containing the rETX protein of C. perfringens , after supplementation with Bacillus toyonensis BCT-7112T, showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in total serum levels of anti-rETX IgG compared to the group of no supplemented animals [ 33 ]. Thus, indicating that this practice can also be tested as one of the strategies to improve the immune response of cattle vaccinated with these recombinant trivalent C. perfringens toxoids.…”