<i>Beauveria bassiana</i>Blastospores Produced in Selective Medium Reduce Survival Time of<i>Epilachna varivestis</i>Mulsant Larvae

Castrejón-Antonio, Jesús Enrique; Núñez-Mejía, G.; Iracheta, Maria M.; Gómez-Flores, Ricardo; Tamayo-Mejía, Fernando; Ocampo-Hernández, J. A.; Tamez‐Guerra, Patricia

doi:10.3958/059.042.0119

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The hydrolytic activity of the EPF enzymes has been considered a parameter related to potential insecticidal effect. In this regard, cuticle-degrading enzymes are a key factor of fungal infection to insects (St. Leger et al, 1991;Montesinos-Matías et al, 2011a), activity that may result in a time to kill reduction (Montesinos-Matías et al, 2011a;Castrejón-Antonio et al, 2017a). Previous reports of enzyme overexpression have demonstrated the role of cuticle-degrading enzymes (hydrolases such as Pr1 protease and chitinases) in the virulence of B. bassiana against target insects (Fang et al, 2009;Pelizza et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permit to collect beetles was granted by the Colima State Plant Health Committee (Comité Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal de Colima) and the landowner, Julio Aguirre González. Beetles were identified by using Wood’s (1982) taxonomic keys ( Castrejón-Antonio et al, 2017a ). Adults were kept in plastic conical 50 mL tubes and fed on artificial avocado sawdust diet ( Cooperband et al, 2016 ), placing five insects per tube and incubating at 25 ± 2 °C for 4 weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine Pr1 protease activity, 500 μL of Tris-HCl 0.1 M buffer (pH 7.9) (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), containing one mM of N -succinyl-alanine-alanine-2-proline-phenylalanine- p -nitroanilide substrate (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), was used following protocols reported by Ayala-Zermeño et al (2015) and Castrejón-Antonio et al (2017a) . For this, 500 μL of a 3 10 8 conidia mL −1 suspension were mixed in a 1,500 µL conical microtube containing Tween 80 (0.05%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mixture of Tris-HCl buffer (0.1M), substrate and Tween 80 (0.05%) solution was used as a blank. Protease activity was reported in nmol of nitroaniline mL −1 min −1 ( Castrejón-Antonio et al, 2017a ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine NAGase chitinase activity, 200 μL of citrate-K 2 HPO 4 0.2 M buffer (pH 5.6) and 200 μL of 1 mg mL −1 of p -nitrophenyl N -acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), were used according to previous reports by St. Leger et al (1991) and Castrejón-Antonio et al (2017a) . For this, 200 μL of a 3 10 8 conidia mL −1 suspension were mixed in Tween 80 (0.05%) in a 1.5 mL conical microtube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selection ofBeauveria bassiana(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strains to controlXyleborus affinis(Curculionidae: Scolytinae) females

Castrejón-Antonio

Tamez‐Guerra

Montesinos-Matías

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an ambrosia beetle reported to affect avocado trees (Persea americana Mill.). The use of the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. for ambrosia beetle control represents an alternative to insecticides. Methods This study was designed in two stages to select B. bassiana strains with potential to control X. affinis females. In the first stage, 19 B. bassiana Mexican strains from EPF collection, isolated from Coleoptera (CHE-CNRCB, http://www.gob.mx/senasica/documentos/coleccion-de-hongos-entomopatogenos), were tested. Analyses included radial growth rate, conidial yield, spore germination, and germ tube length. Results were analysed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify clusters within favourable growth phenotypes. For the second stage, 10 selected strains were re-analysed for virulence-related metabolic characteristic, including cell wall-bound cuticle-degrading enzymes–Pr1-like proteases and β-N-acetyl glucosaminidases (NAGase) chitinases, conidial hydrophobicity and monopolar germination parameters. A second PCA analysis was run for those virulence parameters analysed, and upon results strains CHE-CNRCB 44, 171, 431 and 485 were selected and tested against X. affinis females. Females were treated with a 1 × 108 conidia mL−1 suspension (recommended rate), using a Potter Tower. Results All strains showed insecticidal activity, inducing up to 58% mortality; about 30% dead beetles developed aerial mycelia (CHE-CNRCB 485) and the fastest mortality rate was t0 = 1.95 (CHE-CNRCB 44). Conclusion Since all selected strains showed virulence against X. affinis females, results indicated the possibility of selecting B. bassiana strains based on multiple metabolic attributes, as a preliminary test to perform bioassays against order-related target insects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selection ofBeauveria bassiana(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strains to controlXyleborus affinis(Curculionidae: Scolytinae) females

Castrejón-Antonio

Tamez‐Guerra

Montesinos-Matías

et al. 2020

PeerJ

Self Cite

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Complex nitrogen sources from agro-industrial byproducts: impact on production, multi-stress tolerance, virulence, and quality of Beauveria bassiana blastospores

Lima,

Matugawa,

Mascarin

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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We investigated the impact of various complex organic nitrogen sources on the submerged liquid fermentation of Beauveria bassiana , a versatile entomopathogenic fungus known for producing hydrophilic yeast-like single cells called blastospores. Specifically, we examined yeast extract, autolyzed yeast, inactive yeast, cottonseed flour, corn bran, and corn gluten meal as nitrogen compounds with different carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratios. Our comprehensive analysis encompassed blastospore production, tolerance to abiotic stresses, shelf stability after drying, and virulence against mealworm larvae, crucial attributes for developing effective blastospore-based biopesticides. Notably, cottonseed flour emerged as the optimal nitrogen source, yielding up to 2.5 × 10 9 blastospores/mL within 3 days in a bioreactor. These blastospores exhibited the highest tolerance to heat stress and UV-B radiation exposure. The endogenous C:N ratio in blastospore composition was also impacted by nitrogen sources. Bioassays with mealworm larvae demonstrated that blastospores from cottonseed flour were the most virulent, achieving faster lethality (lower LT 50 ) and requiring a lower inoculum (LC 50 ). Importantly, blastospores produced with cottonseed flour displayed extended viability during storage, surpassing the retention of viability compared to those from autolyzed yeast over 180 days at 4°C. Despite differences in storage viability, both nitrogen sources conferred similar long-term blastospore bioactivity against mealworms. In summary, this research advances our understanding of the crucial impact of complex organic nitrogen selection on the phenotypic traits of blastospores in association with their intracellular C:N ratio, contributing to the production of ecologically fit, shelf-stable, and virulent propagules for effective pest biocontrol programs. IMPORTANCE Biological control through entomopathogenic fungi provides essential ecological services in the integrated management of agricultural pests. In the context of submerged liquid fermentation, the nutritional composition significantly influences the ecological fitness, virulence and quality of these fungi. This study specifically explores the impact of various complex organic nitrogen sources derived from agro-industrial byproducts on the submerged liquid fermentation of Beauveria bassiana , a versatile entomopathogenic fungus known for producing hydrophilic yeast-like blastospores. Notably, manipulating the nitrogen source during submerged cultivation can influence the quality, fitness, and performance of blastospores. This research identifies cottonseed flour as the optimal low-cost nitrogen source, contributing to increased production yields, enhanced multi-stress tolerance, heightened virulence with extended shelf life and long-term bioactivity. These findings deepen our understanding of the critical role of nitrogen compound selection in liquid media formulation, facilitating the production of ecologically fit and virulent blastospores for more effective pest biocontrol programs.

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Beauveria bassiana: Biopestisida Ramah Lingkungan dan Efektif untuk Mengendalikan Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman

Bayu

Prayogo²,

Indiati³

2021

bulpa

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Beauveria bassiana merupakan salah satu jenis cendawan entomopatogen yang termasuk dalam divisi Ascomycota, kelas Sordariomycetes, ordo Hypocreales dan famili Clavicipitaceae. B. bassiana dapat membunuh seluruh stadia serangga pada berbagai jenis hama tanaman dari ordo Homoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Diptera, dan Hymenoptera. Efikasi B. bassiana dipengaruhi oleh berbagai jenis enzim yang dihasilkan yaitu: kitinase, protease, amilase, dan lipase yang berfungsi sebagai pendegradasi lapisan integumen serangga. Efikasi cendawan juga dipengaruhi oleh produksi toksin yang terdiri dari beauvericin, bassianin, bassiacridin, beauvericin, bassianolide, cyclosporine, oosporein, dan tenellin yang dapat mengganggu sistem syaraf dan membunuh serangga sasaran. Keunggulan B. bassiana bersifat ovisidal yang dapat menggagalkan penetasan telur selain membunuh stadia nimfa/larva maupun imago, sehingga dapat menekan perkembangan populasi dan menghambat terjadinya peledakan hama. Kelebihan lain B. Bassiana, yaitu bersifat endofit yang dapat menghambat perkembangan patogen tular tanah maupun penyakit karat daun (Phakospsora pachyrhizi), embun tepung (Microsphaera diffusa), dan embun bulu (Peronospora mansyurica). Cendawan B. Bassiana juga bersifat ramah lingkungan sehingga aman terhadap kelangsungan hidup musuh alami dan hewan ternak serta tidak mencemari sumber air maupun lingkungan. Aplikasi B. bassiana dapat menekan terjadinya resistensi maupun resurjensi. Waktu aplikasi B. bassiana dianjurkan pada sore hari dengan frekuensi aplikasi tiga kali. Cendawan B. bassiana prospektif untuk digunakan sebagai biopestisida dalam mengendalikan hama dan penyakit tanaman, ramah lingkungan, serta dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengganti pestisida sintetik.

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Beauveria bassianaBlastospores Produced in Selective Medium Reduce Survival Time ofEpilachna varivestisMulsant Larvae

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Selection ofBeauveria bassiana(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strains to controlXyleborus affinis(Curculionidae: Scolytinae) females

Selection ofBeauveria bassiana(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strains to controlXyleborus affinis(Curculionidae: Scolytinae) females

Complex nitrogen sources from agro-industrial byproducts: impact on production, multi-stress tolerance, virulence, and quality of Beauveria bassiana blastospores

Beauveria bassiana: Biopestisida Ramah Lingkungan dan Efektif untuk Mengendalikan Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman

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