Bicycles & Tricycles: An Elementary Treatise on Their Design and Construction

Bicycle dynamics and control: adapted bicycles for education and research

“…A thorough presentation of the history of the bicycle is given in the recent book [1]. The papers [2]- [6] and the classic book by Sharp from 1896, which has recently been reprinted [7], are good sources for early work. Notable contributions include Whipple [4] and Carvallo [5], [6], who derived equations of motion, linearized around the…”

The Design, Fabrication, and Performance of the East African Trial Leveraged Freedom Chair

“…This construction strategy was chosen because bicycles, as well as part suppliers and service shops, are ubiquitous in the developing world. By collecting or inspecting bicycle part samples in Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Guatemala, and Nicaragua [12], as well as conferring with other developing country wheelchair groups [10, 13], we identified components from single-speed, steel frame bicycles derived from early 20 th century safety bicycles [14,15] as the most prevalent in the developing world and appropriate for incorporation into the LFC. These components are produced by the millions by manufacturers such as Avon in India [16] and Phoenix in China [17], and sell wholesale for approximately $1US/lbs [12].…”

Bicycles, motorcycles, and models

“…Although the history of the invention of the pedal-drive bicycle is riven with controversy [2], traditional credit for introducing the first pedal-driven two wheeler, in approximately 1840, goes to the Scotsman Kirkpatrick Macmillan [1]. Another account has it that pedals were introduced in 1861 by the French coach builder Pierre Michaux when a customer brought a draisine into his shop for repairs and Michaux instructed his son Ernest to affix pedals to the broken draisine.…”

“…Archibald Sharp's book [1] gives a detailed account of the early history of the bicycle and a thorough account of bicycle design as it was understood in the 19th century. Archibald Sharp was an instructor in engineering design at the Central Technical College of South Kensington (now Imperial College).…”

“…For bicycles using wheels of equal size, key innovations include chain and sprocket drive systems, lightweight stiff steel frames, caliper brakes, sprung seats, front and rear suspension systems, free-running drive hubs, and multispeed Derailleur gear trains [1], [5].…”