<i>Bovine herpesvirus 1</i>abortion

Crook, Tara; Benavides, Julio; Russell, George C.; Gilray, Janice; Maley, Madeleine; Willoughby, Kim

doi:10.1177/1040638712448187

Cited by 35 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Briefly, ~50 ng of total DNA was assayed simultaneously for the presence of AlHV-1 and genomic actin sequences by duplex real-time PCR analysis. Each 20 μL assay contained 900 μM of each AlHV-1 forward and reverse primer (AlHV1-F, AlHV1-R) and 250 μM of the fluorogenic probe FAM-AlHV1; 450 μM of the genomic actin primer (gACT-F: 5’-CAC CTT CCA GCA GAT GTG GA-3’; gACT-R: 5’-CTA GAA GCA TTT GCG GTG GAC) and 125 μM of the fluorogenic minor-groove binding (mgb) probe VIC-gACT (5’-VIC-AGC AAG CAG GAG TAC G-mgb) [26]; and real-time PCR reagents containing Platinum Taq polymerase and ROX control dye (Invitrogen (Life Technologies), Paisley, UK). All assays were conducted using standard conditions on ABI 7000 or 7500 sequence detection systems (Applied Biosystems (Life technologies), Paisley, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the TLR9 ligand CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide on the protective immune response to alcelaphine herpesvirus-1-mediated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle

Parameswaran

Russell

Bartley

et al. 2014

Vet Res

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We wished to determine the effect of of CpG ODN adjuvant on the magnitude and duration of protective immunity against alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), a fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle. Immunity was associated with a mucosal barrier of virus-neutralising antibody. The results showed that CpG ODN included either with emulsigen adjuvant and attenuated AlHV-1 (atAlHV-1) or alone with atAlHV-1 did not affect the overall protection from clinical disease or duration of immunity achieved using emulsigen and atAlHV-1. This is in contrast to other similar studies in cattle with BoHV-1 or cattle and pigs with various other immunogens. In addition to this, several other novel observations were made, not reported previously. Firstly, we were able to statistically verify that vaccine protection against MCF was associated with virus-neutralising antibodies (nAbs) in nasal secretions but was not associated with antibodies in blood plasma, nor with total virus-specific antibody (tAb) titres in either nasal secretions or blood plasma. Furthermore, CpG ODN alone as adjuvant did not support the generation of virus-neutralising antibodies. Secondly, there was a significant boost in tAb in animals with MCF comparing titres before and after challenge. This was not seen with protected animals. Finally, there was a strong IFN-γ response in animals with emulsigen and atAlHV-1 immunisation, as measured by IFN-γ secreting PBMC in culture (and a lack of IL-4) that was not affected by the inclusion of CpG ODN. This suggests that nAbs at the oro-nasal-pharyngeal region are important in protection against AlHV-1 MCF.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the TLR9 ligand CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide on the protective immune response to alcelaphine herpesvirus-1-mediated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle

Parameswaran

Russell

Bartley

et al. 2014

Vet Res

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“…In cases of abortion due to infection with virulent BHV-1 subtypes found elsewhere, lesions of the aborted fetus may include inflammation and necrosis of the heart, brain, liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, and intestine ( 165 ). For a sensitive diagnostic test, qPCR may be performed on the liver, which has the highest viral load ( 166 ).…”

Section: Abortifacients In Australia and New Zealandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Diagnostic Procedures and Approaches to Infectious Causes of Reproductive Failures of Cattle in Australia and New Zealand

2018

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Infectious causes of reproductive failure in cattle are important in Australia and New Zealand, where strict biosecurity protocols are in place to prevent the introduction and spread of new diseases. Neospora caninum ranks highly as an important cause of reproductive wastage along with fungal and bacterial infections. Brucella, a leading cause of abortion elsewhere in the world, is foreign, following successful programs to control and eradicate the disease. Leptospirosis in cattle is largely controlled by vaccination, while Campylobacter and Tritrichomonas infections occur at low rates. In both countries, Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection rates as the second most economically important disease of cattle and one that also has an effect on reproduction. Effective disease control strategies require rapid diagnoses at diagnostic laboratories. To facilitate this process, this review will discuss the infectious causes of reproductive losses present in both countries, their clinical presentation and an effective pathway to a diagnosis.

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“…Direct herpesvirus-induced abortions are usually associated with viremia by primary infection or reactivation during pregnancy, leading to heavy viral loads in uterine vessels and cross-placental transmission to the foetus(es), resulting in reabsorption, abortion, or neonatal death. This has been demonstrated in alphaherpesviruses, such as Canine herpesvirus 1 (CHV-1) in dogs [ 17 ], Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) in cattle [ 18 ], Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and occasionally Equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) in horses [ 15 , 19 ], and Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CHV-2) in reindeer [ 20 ]. In contrast, indirect abortigenic sequelae associated with herpesvirus reactivation usually involve secondary bacterial infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mustelid gammaherpesvirus 1 (MusGHV-1) Reactivation in European Badger (Meles meles) Genital Tracts on Reproductive Fitness

et al. 2020

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Reactivation of latent Gammaherpesvirus in the genital tract can lead to reproductive failure in domestic animals. Nevertheless, this pathophysiology has not received formal study in wild mammals. High prevalence of Mustelid gammaherpesvirus 1 (MusGHV-1) DNA detected in the genital tracts of European badgers (Meles meles) implies that this common pathogen may be a sexual transmitted infection. Here we used PCR to test MusGHV-1 DNA prevalence in genital swabs collected from 144 wild badgers in Ireland (71 males, 73 females) to investigate impacts on male fertility indicators (sperm abundance and testes weight) and female fecundity (current reproductive output). MusGHV-1 reactivation had a negative effect on female reproduction, but not on male fertility; however males had a higher risk of MusGHV-1 reactivation than females, especially during the late-winter mating season, and genital MusGHV-1 reactivation differed between age classes, where 3–5 year old adults had significantly lower reactivation rates than younger or older ones. Negative results in foetal tissues from MusGHV-1 positive mothers indicated that cross-placental transmission was unlikely. This study has broader implications for how wide-spread gammaherpesvirus infections could affect reproductive performance in wild Carnivora species.

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Bovine herpesvirus 1abortion

Cited by 35 publications

References 28 publications

The effect of the TLR9 ligand CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide on the protective immune response to alcelaphine herpesvirus-1-mediated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle

The effect of the TLR9 ligand CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide on the protective immune response to alcelaphine herpesvirus-1-mediated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle

Review of Diagnostic Procedures and Approaches to Infectious Causes of Reproductive Failures of Cattle in Australia and New Zealand

Effects of Mustelid gammaherpesvirus 1 (MusGHV-1) Reactivation in European Badger (Meles meles) Genital Tracts on Reproductive Fitness

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