Buchholzia coriacea seed (wonderful kolanut) alleviates insulin resistance, steatosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in high fat diet model of fatty liver disease

Abstract

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic condition with multiple pathological features and it currently has no specific treatment or approved drug. Wonderful kolanut widely consumed fresh or cooked has been applied in the treatment of numerous diseases in folk medicine. In this study, we evaluate the therapeutic potentials of hydroethanolic extract of defatted Buccholzia coriacea seeds (HEBCS) in NAFLD model. HEBCS was subjected to liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry, and 30 male BALB/c mice (28 ± 2 g) were allocated to three (3) experimental groups (n = 10/group). Mice in group I were fed chow diet (CD); those in group II, high fat diet (HFD) and group III, HFD and 250 mg/kg HEBCS p.o. daily for six weeks. HEBCS alleviates HFD‐induced insulin resistance and high plasma insulin and glucose levels. It further alleviates hepatic steatosis, and alters plasma lipid profile. HEBCS also protected against HFD‐induced inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatocellular damage. In conclusion, HEBCS alleviated NAFLD in mice via suppression of insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Practical applications Bioactive polyphenols and alkaloids were identified in hydroethanolic extract of defatted Buccholzia coriacea seeds (HEBCS). This study projects HEBCS as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of NAFLD. NAFLD is a multi‐factorial condition and therefore, HEBCS is promising considering its multiple‐target actions in the current model of NAFLD. HEBCS alleviates insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, steatosis, and inflammation in this model. There is a need to further investigate HEBCS in other models of NAFLD as a lead to future use in clinical studies.

Codium fragile reduces adipose tissue expansion and fatty liver incidence by downregulating adipo‐ and lipogenesis

“…Excessive and frequent intake of the HFD and cholesterol is closely associated with the accumulation of lipids in the liver and increases the risk of chronic liver‐related diseases, such as high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease (Ore et al, 2021; Shao et al, 2020). Herein, a significant increase in hepatic TG ( p < .05) and TC ( p < .05) levels was measured in the HFD groups, whereas 100 mg/kg CFE administration notably reduced these levels, compared with the HFD alone (Figure 3a).…”

Ameliorative effects of Buchholzia coriacea seed on aluminium chloride induced cytotoxicity in the liver of adult male wistar rats

“…Hydroethanolic extract of defatted Buccholzia coriacea seeds (HEBCS) also protected against High Fat Diet-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatocellular damage. 20 The enzymatic antioxidant defense system, which includes SODs and CATs, can decompose superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the cells and are the main defense against oxidative injuries. SOD catalyzes the rapid removal of superoxide radicals, generating H 2 O 2 .…”

“…This is in agreement to research conducted by Enechi et al, 9 on the ameliorative effects of flavonoid-rich extract of B.coriacea seeds on modifications in hematological and biochemical status induced by malaria in mice. [25][26][27][28]…”

Croton urucurana Baill. Ameliorates Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Rats

“…As expected, several animal models of MAFLD and alcoholic fatty liver disease have revealed increases in AST and ALT levels ( Lívero et al, 2014 , 2016 ; Barbosa et al, 2020 ; Souza et al, 2020 ; Mendes et al, 2021 ). The therapeutic effects of medicinal plants in reversing this increase in markers of liver damage are well described in the literature, especially the beneficial effects of flavonoids, glycosides, and alkaloids ( Ling et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Han et al, 2021 ; Niu et al, 2021 ; Ore et al, 2021 ; Sahlan et al, 2021 ).…”