<i>By the same Author</i>. THE CLIMATE OF LONDON, DEDUCED FROM METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS MADE IN THE METROPOLIS AND AT VARIOUS PLACES AROUND IT. <i>In Three Volumes</i> : A Second, much Enlarged and Improved Edition; Illustrated by Engravings on Wood and Copper

Howard, Luke

doi:10.1017/cbo9781139135467.020

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Urban micro-climates have long been recognized (Howard, 1833), and our understanding of the complex physical processes that contribute to these effects have improved rapidly in recent decades (e.g. Arnfield, 2003;Grimmond 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating climate change in UK cities using a regional climate model, HadRM3

McCarthy

Harpham

Goodess

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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A regional climate model (RCM) at 25 km resolution, coupled to a simple urban land-surface scheme has been used to assess the sensitivity of UK urban climates to large-scale greenhouse gas (GHG) induced climate change, local forcing from urban land use, and anthropogenic heat flux (AHF) resulting from energy use in urban areas. GHG-induced climate change is similar over both urban and rural land surfaces in the model, suggesting that under a changing climate the relative magnitude of urban heat islands in the UK would remain the same. However, indirect effects from urbanisation or changes in energy consumption within UK cities would contribute to further localized anthropogenic climate change that can be quantified by this model. The presence of the urban heat island also has a significant impact on the frequency of extreme high temperatures both in present and future climates, and will exacerbate the impact of climate change on the urban population.The simple urban land-surface exchange scheme is a cost effective additional component of the RCM. It is shown to provide a realistic city-scale urban heat island responding to the dynamical weather of the model at every model time-step, with a magnitude and variability comparable to observed values. The climate model provides long integrations to derive large samples of heat islands under a full range of simulated dynamical conditions, and in this study sampling more than 100 years of climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating climate change in UK cities using a regional climate model, HadRM3

McCarthy

Harpham

Goodess

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Traditionally, national or global networks have not instrumented urban areas, as these networks are designed to collect standardized, representative climatological measurements of the wider region for subsequent use in weather prediction models and long-term climate. However, from the early work to understand regional climates (Howard, 1818) there has been increasing interest in the field of urban meteorology, climatology and air quality, which have since developed into sub-disciplines in their own right. Urban environments are becoming increasingly important and relevant to study since more of the world's population now inhabit towns and cities (UN, 2009;Grimmond et al ., 2010), and as such, the proportion of the world's land and water * Correspondence to: C. L. Muller, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensors and the city: a review of urban meteorological networks

Muller

Chapman

Grimmond

et al. 2013

Intl Journal of Climatology

205

129

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ABSTRACT:The heterogeneous nature of urban environments means that atmospheric research ideally requires a dense network of sensors to adequately resolve the local climate. With recent advances in sensor technology, a number of urban meteorological networks now exist with a range of research or operational objectives. This article reviews and assesses the current status of urban meteorological networks, by examining the fundamental scientific and logistical issues related to these networks. The article concludes by making recommendations for future deployments based on the challenges encountered by existing networks, including the need for better reporting and documentation of network characteristics, standardized approaches and guidelines, along with the need to overcome financial barriers via collaborative relationships in order to establish the long-term urban networks essential for advancing urban climate research.

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“…In many cities of China, especially in economically developed cities, urban ecological environmental quality gradually deteriorates [2].Global warming makes the world heat waves increasingly become frequent, which exacerbates Urban Heat Island Effect(UHI) [3]. Since Lake Howard [4] first discovered the phenomenon of urban heat island, many researches about urban heat island have been carried out in many cities in the world. Since 1980s, development and application of aerial and satellite remote sensing technology help people to make use of remote sensing image to obtain the distribution of urban heat island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of day-night characteristics of urban heat island effects in Chengdu based on NOAA/AVHRR in winter

Dan²,

Dan³

et al. 2009

2009 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event

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in this paper, NOAA/AVHRR data were used, which were obtained in winter of 2004 and 2006 respectively. And using NOAA/AVHRR data in spring of 2004 as reference, day-night characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics were received. The following are research results. In the daytime, urban heat island intensity was stronger than that at night. The maximum of urban heat island intensity was about 7.5 and 9.0 respectively.At night, urban heat island demonstrated a singlecenter or double-centers, and urban heat island center lied within the second circuit road. In the daytime, urban heat island demonstrated multi-centers. Urban heat island centers occurred in industrial and commercial districts, in transport hub, which locate in the north, the east, or the southwest of the city. Little higher temperature zone distributed like a non-closed ring. High temperature ring occurred nearby the second and third circuit road. The ring characteristic of urban heat island had close relationship with urban structure and urban activities, which was consist with some research results in summer.

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By the same Author. THE CLIMATE OF LONDON, DEDUCED FROM METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS MADE IN THE METROPOLIS AND AT VARIOUS PLACES AROUND IT. In Three Volumes : A Second, much Enlarged and Improved Edition; Illustrated by Engravings on Wood and Copper

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Simulating climate change in UK cities using a regional climate model, HadRM3

Simulating climate change in UK cities using a regional climate model, HadRM3

Sensors and the city: a review of urban meteorological networks

Analysis of day-night characteristics of urban heat island effects in Chengdu based on NOAA/AVHRR in winter

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