Campylobacter jejuniandPseudomonascoinfection in the setting of ulcerative colitis

Abstract

A 66-year-old woman presented with 2 days of fever and severe diarrhoea. She has a history of ulcerative colitis (UC), well controlled with medication. She also has a history of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, infective endocarditis following aortic valve replacement and pulmonary embolism. She had complained of passing stool with traces of blood about 30 times per day. Stool testing for routine culture and microscopy was done. She was started on ceftriaxone. CT scan revealed thick-walled colon consistent with UC flare. Flexible sigmoidoscopy showed active continuous colitis extending from the rectum to the proximal descending colon. was isolated from the stool and blood cultures yielded The antibiotic was transitioned to intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam and azithromycin followed by 2 weeks of intravenous cefepime. Her diarrhoea was controlled, and she was discharged for follow-up in 2 months.

Protective effects induced by alcoholic Phlomis fruticosa and Phlomis herba‐venti extracts in isolated rat colon: Focus on antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities in vitro

“…Finally, considering the potential of P. fruticosa as a source of antimicrobial agents (Ristic et al, ), we performed a parallel set of experiments in order to evaluate the effects of P. fruticosa and P. herba‐venti on Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains and fungal species involved in IBDs (Guo et al, ; Iguidbashian et al, ; Trojanowska et al, ; Wang et al, ). Microbiome dysbiosis is an increase in the number of bacteria associated with colon mucosa, alongside a reduction in biodiversity (Kaur, Chen, Luther, & Kao, ).…”

“…In IBDs, there is a significant reduction in beneficial bacteria, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia, with a concomitant increase in anaerobic bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae, playing a pathogenic role in the inflamed colon (Zuo & Ng, ). Despite there still being no identification of causative microorganism in IBDs, multiple studies suggested the involvement of pathogens such as Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis , Clostridium difficile , and Helicobacter and altered commensals such as adherent‐invasive E. coli (Issa et al, ; Thomson et al, ; Nazareth et al, ; Palmela et al, ), whereas case report studies indicated the inflamed colon as a favorable environment for infection of different opportunistic pathogens, including P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (Bettenworth et al, ; Iguidbashian et al, ). A great deal of interest also emerged as regards the involvement of fungi in colon inflammation.…”

“…Finally, considering the potential of P. fruticosa as a source of antimicrobial agents (Ristic et al, 2000), we performed a parallel set of experiments in order to evaluate the effects of P. fruticosa and P. herba-venti on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and fungal species involved in IBDs (Guo et al, 2015;Iguidbashian et al, 2018;Trojanowska et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2018). Microbiome dysbiosis is an increase in the number of bacteria associated with colon mucosa, alongside a reduction in biodiversity (Kaur, Chen, Luther, & Kao, 2011 Helicobacter and altered commensals such as adherent-invasive E. coli (Issa et al, 2007;Thomson et al, 2011;Nazareth et al, 2015;Palmela et al, 2018), whereas case report studies indicated the inflamed colon as a favorable environment for infection of different opportunistic pathogens, including P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (Bettenworth et al, 2013;Iguidbashian et al, 2018). A great deal of interest also emerged as regards the involvement of fungi in colon…”

Chemical profiling and pharmaco‐toxicological activity ofOriganum sipyleumextracts: Exploring for novel sources for potential therapeutic agents

“…We also evaluated the effects of Origanum extracts on pathogen bacteria and fungi strains deeply involved in colon inflammation (Cho & Chae, 2004;Guo et al, 2015;Iguidbashian, Parekh, Kukrety, & Andukuri, 2018;Trojanowska et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2018). Regarding the antibacterial activity, Origanum extracts were particularly effective against S. aureus and to a lesser extent toward S. thyphimurium (Table 5).…”

Multidirectional Pharma-Toxicological Study on Harpagophytum procumbens DC. ex Meisn.: An IBD-Focused Investigation

“…In this regard, the proteomic investigation was carried out on a cluster of more than 100 proteins involved in colon cell morphology and metabolism. Finally, the extract antimicrobial activity was studied against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and C. tropicalis, which are known to be involved in IBDs [9][10][11][12].…”