<i>Capnocytophaga canimorsus</i> and infective endocarditis—making a dog’s dinner of the aortic valve: a case report

Sri, Anita; Droscher, Edward; Palma, Rodney De

doi:10.1093/ehjcr/ytab278

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A total of 161 articles from PubMed and Scopus were screened. Finally, 31 met the present study’s inclusion criteria [ 5 , 6 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. These 31 studies involved 31 patients in total.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infective Endocarditis by Capnocytophaga Species—A Narrative Review

Spentzouri,

Baliou,

Ioannou

2024

Medicina

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Bacteria belonging to the genus Capnocytophaga are thin, capnophilic, Gram-negative bacilli with tapered ends that include nine species that are isolated from the mouth of humans and animals and, from a phylogenetical perspective, they belong to the family Flavobacteriaceae. Two more species, namely C. endodontalis and C. stomatis have been recovered from a periapical abscess and human and animal infections, respectively. Capnocytophaga spp. can cause serious and potentially life-threatening infections in humans, such as bacteremia and meningitis, most commonly in the context of penetrating trauma as a result of contact with animals, especially after animal bites. Other invasive diseases such as osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and infective endocarditis (IE) may also occur more rarely. The aim of this study was to review all previously described cases of IE by Capnocytophaga spp. and provide information about the epidemiology, microbiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of this infection. A narrative review based on a search in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus was performed. Studies published until 11 September 2023 providing relevant data for IE caused by Capnocytophaga spp. in humans were included. A total of 31 studies containing data from 31 patients were included. A history of dog bites was present in 10 out of 26 patients (38.5%). A prosthetic valve was present in 3 patients (9.7%). The most commonly infected valve was the aortic valve, followed by the tricuspid valve. Fever, embolic phenomena, paravalvular abscess, and sepsis were the most common clinical presentations. Beta-lactams and aminoglycosides were the antimicrobials most commonly used. Surgery was performed in 20 patients (64.5%). Overall mortality reached 16.1%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infective Endocarditis by Capnocytophaga Species—A Narrative Review

Spentzouri,

Baliou,

Ioannou

2024

Medicina

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“…The topic with the highest number of published papers on BE was related to causative agents (Topic 4). The papers included within this topic revealed Bartonella spp., Pasteurella, and Erysipelothrix tonsillarum , examples of the most indagate causative agents [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The others most common causative agents are, firstly, Staphylococcal species (including aureus, intermedius, coagulase-positive, and coagulase-negative), followed by Streptococcus species (such as canis, bovis, and beta-hemolytic), and Escherichia coli .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following most important topics are “Case reports on endocarditis “(Topic 2) and “Outcomes and biomarkers” (Topic 5), and are correlated. It is noteworthy that the majority of the papers relating to IE in dogs are case reports [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The last topic in order of importance was “Infective endocarditis and bacterial isolation” (Topic 1), probably due to the lower interest in bacterial isolation compared with clinical findings in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Bacterial Endocarditis: A Text Mining and Topics Modeling Analysis as an Approach for a Systematic Review

Previti,

Biondi,

Passantino

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Bacterial endocarditis (BE) is a severe infection of the endocardium and cardiac valves caused by bacterial agents in dogs. Diagnosis of endocarditis is challenging due to the variety of clinical presentations and lack of definitive diagnostic tests in its early stages. This study aims to provide a research literature analysis on BE in dogs based on text mining (TM) and topic analysis (TA) identifying dominant topics, summarizing their temporal trend, and highlighting any possible research gaps. A literature search was performed utilizing the Scopus® database, employing keywords pertaining to BE to analyze papers published in English from 1990 to 2023. The investigation followed a systematic approach based on the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 86 records were selected for analysis following screening procedures and underwent descriptive statistics, TM, and TA. The findings revealed that the number of records published per year has increased in 2007 and 2021. TM identified the words with the highest term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), and TA highlighted the main research areas, in the following order: causative agents, clinical findings and predisposing factors, case reports on endocarditis, outcomes and biomarkers, and infective endocarditis and bacterial isolation. The study confirms the increasing interest in BE but shows where further studies are needed.

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The dog, valves’ best friend: infective endocarditis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus—a case report

Rodríguez

Plata-Ciezar

Roman

et al. 2023

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

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Background Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram negative bacillus found in the oral microbiota of dogs. It is a very rare cause of endocarditis. We hereby present a case of aortic valve endocarditis due to this microorganism. Case summary a 39-year-old male was admitted to hospital with a history of intermittent fever and exertion dyspnea, and showed signs of heart failure on physical examination. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the presence of a vegetation in the noncoronary cusp of the aortic valve, aortic root pseudoaneurysm and left ventricle-to-right atrium fistula (Gerbode defect). The patient underwent aortic valve replacement with a biological prosthesis. The fistula was closed with a pericardial patch, although a dehiscence of the patch was detected in postoperative echocardiogram. The postoperative period was complicated by acute mediastinitis and cardiac tamponade secondary to a pericardial abscess, requiring emergent surgery. The patient made a good recovery afterwards, and was discharged two weeks later. Discussion Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a very rare cause of endocarditis, although it can be very aggressive, with high degree of valve damage, necessity of surgery and high mortality. It mainly affects young men with no previous structural heart disease. Due to its slow growth, blood cultures can be negative, so other microbiological techniques such as 16-S RNA sequencing or MALDI-TOF can be helpful for diagnosis.

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Capnocytophaga canimorsus and infective endocarditis—making a dog’s dinner of the aortic valve: a case report

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Infective Endocarditis by Capnocytophaga Species—A Narrative Review

Infective Endocarditis by Capnocytophaga Species—A Narrative Review

Canine Bacterial Endocarditis: A Text Mining and Topics Modeling Analysis as an Approach for a Systematic Review

The dog, valves’ best friend: infective endocarditis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus—a case report

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