Cassia tora Seed Extract and Its Active Compound Aurantio-obtusin Inhibit Allergic Responses in IgE-Mediated Mast Cells and Anaphylactic Models

Abstract

Cassia tora seed is widely used due to its various biological properties including anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there has been no report of the effects of C. tora seed extract (CTE) on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic responses. In this research, we demonstrated the effects of CTE and its active compound aurantio-obtusin on IgE-sensitized allergic reactions in mast cells and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). CTE and aurantio-obtusin suppressed degranulation, histamine production, and reactive oxygen species generation and inhibited the production and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-4. CTE and aurantio-obtusin also suppressed the prostaglandin E2 production and expression of cyclooxygenase 2. Furthermore, CTE and aurantio-obtusin suppressed IgE-mediated FcεRI signaling such as phosphorylation of Syk, protein kinase Cμ, phospholipase Cγ, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases. CTE and aurantio-obtusin blocked mast cell-dependent PCA in IgE-mediated mice. These results suggest that CTE and aurantio-obtusin are a beneficial treatment for allergy-related diseases.

De novo transcriptome sequence of Senna tora provides insights into anthraquinone biosynthesis

“…Among the seven compounds, gluco-obtusifolin has the highest content in seed tissues (Fig 6 and Table 2). It is well known that aurantio-obtusin is the most significant active compound [8] and is distributed mainly in the seed [44]. However, we found that low levels of aurantio-obtusin were observed at the early and late developmental stages.…”

“…STE and aurantio-obtusin also suppressed IgE-mediated FcεRI such as phosphorylation of Syk, protein kinase Cµ, phospholipase Cγ, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases. This suggests that STE and aurantio-obtusin can be beneficial to the treatment of allergy-related diseases [8].…”

Investigation of the interaction of aurantio‐obtusin with human serum albumin by spectroscopic and molecular docking methods

“…It is reported that the per‐capita consumption worldwide averages 4 fluid ounces per day, and approximately 2.5 million metric tons of dried tea is produced each year, mainly in India, China, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Russia, and Japan . Semen cassiae tea is a popular health tea drink – a roasted tea in Korea and China . It has become a popular health tea drink because it has the function of relaxing the bowels, reducing inflammation in the liver, and improving eyesight and can also be used as a laxative and a tonic.…”

Evaluation of Cassia tora Linn. against oxidative stress-induced DNA and cell membrane damage

“…[2021] C. tora has varied bioactivities, namely, antioxidant,[22] hypolipidemic,[23] larvicidal,[24] antihepatotoxic,[25] antiplasmodial,[26] and anti-inflammatory. [2728] Moreover, a wide range of compounds isolated from this plant such as achrosin, emodin, anthraquinones, apigenin, chryso-obtusin, chrysarobin, chrysophanol, and campesterol showed antioxidant activity. [29] The extract of C. tora showed peroxynitrite scavenging activity which is ascribed to alaternin and norrubrofusarin glucose in it.…”

“…[32] Furthermore, C. tora extract and its active component aurantio-obtusin inhibited allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models. [28] The ethnomedicinal uses of C. tora imply that this plant may be capable of protecting DNA and membrane damage against oxidative stress. The present study is focused to determine the levels of flavonoids in the leaf extracts of C. tora and to determine its role in protecting DNA and membrane damage by oxidative stress.…”