<i>Centaurea</i> Sect. <i>Cyanus</i>: Nuclear Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Life-Form Evolution

Boršić, Igor; Susanna, Alfonso; Bancheva, Svetlana; Garcia‐Jacas, Núria

doi:10.1086/657645

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…One could argue, however, that such a pattern can reflect directional homogenization towards the A ribotype and loss of the B ribotype in diploid C. stoebe s.str. This hypothesis seems less plausible because a lack of concerted evolution and conservation of different ribotypes is the rule in the groups of Centaurea investigated to date (present data; Suárez-Santiago et al, 2007;Garcia-Jacas et al, 2009;Boršić et al, 2011;Hilpold, pers. comm.).…”

Section: Haplotype Diversity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 68%

Allopolyploid origin of highly invasive Centaurea stoebe s.l. (Asteraceae)

Mráz

Garcia‐Jacas

Gex-Fabry

et al. 2012

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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a b s t r a c tSpotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) occurs from Western Asia to Western Europe both as diploid and tetraploid cytotypes, predominantly in single-cytotype populations with higher frequency of diploid populations. Interestingly, only tetraploids have been recorded so far from its introduced range in North America where they became highly invasive.We performed phylogenetic and network analyses of more than 40 accessions of the C. stoebe and C. paniculata groups and other related taxa using cloned internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and sequences of the chloroplast trnT-trnL and atpBrbcL regions to (i) assess the evolutionary origin of tetraploid C. stoebe s.l., and (ii) uncover the phylogeny of the C. stoebe group. Both issues have not been studied so far and thus remained controversial.Cloned ITS sequences showed the presence of two slightly divergent ribotypes occurring in tetraploid cytotype, while only one major ribotype was present in diploid C. stoebe s.str. This pattern suggests an allopolyploid origin of tetraploids with contribution of the diploid C. stoebe s.str. genome. Although we were not able to detect the second parental taxon, we hypothesize that hybridization might have triggered important changes in morphology and life history traits, which in turn may explain the colonization success of the tetraploid taxon. Bayesian relaxed clock estimations indicate a relatively recent -Pleistocene origin of the tetraploid C. stoebe s.l. Furthermore, our analyses showed a deep split between the C. paniculata and C. stoebe groups, and a young diversification of the taxa within the C. stoebe group. In contrast to nrDNA analyses, the observed pattern based on two cpDNA regions was inconclusive with respect to the origin and phylogeny of the studied taxa, most likely due to shared ancient polymorphism and frequent homoplasies.

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Section: Haplotype Diversity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 68%

Allopolyploid origin of highly invasive Centaurea stoebe s.l. (Asteraceae)

Mráz

Garcia‐Jacas

Gex-Fabry

et al. 2012

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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“…This is the first time that a geographically complete assembly of cytotypes has been presented for this taxonomically intricate group. Neither biosystematic studies nor those using DNA sequence analyses (Boršić et al ., ; C. J. Löser, unpubl. data) have sufficiently elucidated the evolutionary relationships among cytotypes of C. section Protocyanus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have one of the two base chromosome numbers, x = 10 or 11, and both diploids (2 n = 20, 22) and tetraploids (2 n = 40, 44) are known (Table ). A phylogenetic study based on nuclear ribosomal DNA (Boršić et al ., ) suggested a monophyletic origin of both sections. In C. section Protocyanus , phylogenetic relationships remain elusive due to extensive reticulate evolution or still‐incomplete evolutionary differentiation (Boršić et al ., ; C. J. Löser, unpubl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Perennials of C. section Protocyanus are distributed in north‐western Africa, Europe (except northern parts) and western Asia. The highest diversity of perennial taxa is found in the Balkan Peninsula (Bancheva & Raimondo, ; Boršić et al ., ) where 18 species occur (Table ). Cyanus section Protocyanus includes narrow endemics and widely distributed taxa occupying a broad range of environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent molecular investigations of Cyanus have provided conflicting information because phylogenetic trees obtained from different molecular markers are incongruent (Boršić et al ., ; C. J. Löser, unpubl. data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytogeography of European perennial species ofCyanus(Asteraceae)

et al. 2013

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To reveal the general cytogeographical pattern of Cyanus section Protocyanus in Europe, DNA ploidy and/or chromosome numbers were newly examined for 160 populations by flow cytometry (450 plants) and/or chromosome counting (30 plants). Furthermore, previously published karyological data were revised (236 records). Our analyses confirmed chromosome counts of 2n = 22 for all newly investigated samples of the C. triumfetti group (the records for C. semidecurrens and C. ternopoliensis are new), C. diospolitanus and C. achtarovii; 2n = 44 for C. montanus and C. mollis; and 2n = 20 for C. lingulatus, C. napulifer, C. nissanus, C. orbelicus, C. thirkei, C. tuberosus and C. velenovskyi. The chromosome count of 2n = 20 is the first report for C. epirotus. The cytotype 2n = 40 was newly recorded for the Crimean endemic C. fuscomarginatus and Calabrian and Greek populations of C. graminifolius. The cytotypes 2n = 20 and 2n = 40 were confirmed for C. pindicola. For the first time triploidy (2n∼3x∼30) was found in C. nissanus, C. thirkei and in a newly discovered hybrid, C. epirotus × C. graminifolius. Two contrasting ecogeographical patterns emerged: cytotypes derived from the base chromosome number x = 11 (2n = 22, 44) are widespread in northern latitudes and ecologically diverse, whereas cytotypes with x = 10 (2n = 20, 30, 40) are confined to mountains in southern Europe. In general, tetraploids have smaller ranges than diploids. The new combinations Cyanus section Protocyanus (Dobrocz.) Olšavská comb. nov. and Cyanus ternopoliensis (Dobrocz.) Olšavská comb. nov. are provided.

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