<i>Ceratonia siliqua</i> L. (immature carob bean) inhibits intestinal glucose absorption, improves glucose tolerance and protects against alloxan‐induced diabetes in rat

Rtibi, Kaïs; Selmi, Slimen; Grami, Dhekra; Saidani, Khouloud; Sebaï, Hichem; Amri, Mohamed; Eto, Bruno; Marzouki, Lamjed

doi:10.1002/jsfa.8091

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…In the Mediterranean region, carob pod is consumed as animal or human food [1]. In terms of its health benefits, C. siliqua exhibits a myriad of biological effects including antibacterial, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, anti-hypercholestrolemic, and hepatoprotective [2], [3], [4], [5]. Additionally, Carob pods, roasted and unroasted are widely used in manufacturing of sugar syrups, molasses, and beverage [6] or as a cocoa substitute in candy products and cakes [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatiles profiling in Ceratonia siliqua (Carob bean) from Egypt and in response to roasting as analyzed via solid-phase microextraction coupled to chemometrics

Farag

El‐Kersh

2017

Journal of Advanced Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatiles profiling in Ceratonia siliqua (Carob bean) from Egypt and in response to roasting as analyzed via solid-phase microextraction coupled to chemometrics

Farag

El‐Kersh

2017

Journal of Advanced Research

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“…These actions resemble that of currently available α-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose, miglitol, and voglibose [9]. Simple phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid were shown to decrease uptake of glucose into Caco-2 cells [10].…”

Section: New Strategy To Alleviate Hyperglycemia and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Natural Bioactive Compounds with Small-Bowel Glucose/Antiabsorption and Sugar Digestion Enzymes’ Inhibition Actions: New Strategy to Relieve Hyperglycemia and Diabetes

Rtibi¹,

Selmi²,

Balti³

et al. 2019

Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine

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Intestinal glucose absorption/inhibition activity by natural bioactive compounds is considered a new strategy for prevention/treatment of uncontrolled hyperglycemia and diabetes as well as chronic human metabolic disorders. This mini review provides scientific evidence of the contribution of natural bioactive nutrients to inhibit glucose absorption in the small bowel. Many studies were realized on intestinal glucose transport in vitro and on postprandial glucose levels in vivo. In this context, the main designated constituents are (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, epicatechingallate, tannic acid, resveratrol, and chlorogenic acid. The therapeutic approaches are to retard the absorption of glucose by inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes such as intestinal glycosidases (α-amylase and α-glycosidase) and the inhibition of intestinal Na+-dependent glucose absorption mediated by reduced expression of glucose transporter (SGLT1). These studies revealed that natural bioactive compounds, as potential candidates, can be designed as natural products for the development of novel functional foods or nutraceuticals to relieve hyperglycemia/diabetes.

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“…Likewise, the methanolic extract of carob exhibited a ferric reducing antioxidant power that accounted for 50% of those exhibited by quercetin and Trolox. The antioxidant properties of the methanolic extract of carob maybe act through its ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidase (Rtibi et al 2015a;Rtibi et al 2017b). Nonetheless, the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity for most plants was not always the same (Kasote et al 2015).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Evaluation of the glycemic effect of Ceratonia siliqua pods (Carob) on a streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rat model (v0.2)"

2018

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Background. Ceratonia siliqua pods (carob) has been nominated to control high blood glucose of diabetics. In Yemen, however, its antihyperglycemic activity has not been yet assessed. Thus, this study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract of carob pods against α-amylase and αglucosidase and the in vivo glycemic effect of such extract in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods. DPPH and FRAP were applied to evaluate the antioxidant activity of carob. In vitro cytotoxicity of carob was conducted on human hepatocytes (WRL68) and rat pancreatic β-cells (RIN-5F). Acute oral toxicity of was conducted on a total of 18 male and 18 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which were subdivided into three groups (n=6), namely; high and low dose carob-treated (CS5000 and CS2000, respectively) as well as normal control (NC) receiving a single oral dose of 5000 mg kg-1 carob, 2000 mg kg-1 carob and 5 ml kg-1 distilled water for 14 days, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatinine and urea were assessed. Livers and kidneys were harvested for histopathology. In vitro inhibitory effect against α-amylase and αglucosidase was evaluated. In vivo glycemic activity was conducted in 24 male SD rats which were previously intraperitoneally injected with 55 mg kg-1 streptozotocin (STZ) followed by 210 mg kg-1 nicotinamide to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus. An extra non-injected group (n=6) was added as a normal control (NC). The injected-rats were divided into four groups (n=6), namely; diabetic control (D0), 5 mg kg-1 glibenclamide-treated diabetic (GD), 500 mg kg-1 carob-treated diabetic (CS500) and 1000 mg kg-1 carob-treated diabetic (CS1000). All groups received a single oral daily dose of their treatment for four weeks. Body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test, biochemistry, insulin and hemostatic model assessment were assessed. Pancreas was harvested for histopathology. Results. Carob demonstrated a FRAP value of 3191.67 ± 54.34 µmoL Fe ++ and IC 50 of DPPH of 11.23 ±0.47 µg mL-1. In vitro, carob was non-toxic on hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In acute oral toxicity, liver and kidney functions and their histological sections showed no abnormalities. Carob exerted an in vitro inhibitory effect against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC 50 of 92.99±0.22 and 97.13±4.11 µg mL-1 , respectively. In diabetic induced rats, FBG of CS1000 was significantly less than diabetic control. Histological pancreatic sections of CS1000 showed less destruction of β-cells than CS500 and diabetic control.

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Ceratonia siliqua L. (immature carob bean) inhibits intestinal glucose absorption, improves glucose tolerance and protects against alloxan‐induced diabetes in rat

Abstract: Our findings confirm that the degree of maturity of carob characterized by a different phytochemical composition may be responsible for these actions. Therefore, these compounds may be used as a food supplement in hyperglycemia and diabetes treatments. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

Volatiles profiling in Ceratonia siliqua (Carob bean) from Egypt and in response to roasting as analyzed via solid-phase microextraction coupled to chemometrics

Volatiles profiling in Ceratonia siliqua (Carob bean) from Egypt and in response to roasting as analyzed via solid-phase microextraction coupled to chemometrics

Natural Bioactive Compounds with Small-Bowel Glucose/Antiabsorption and Sugar Digestion Enzymes’ Inhibition Actions: New Strategy to Relieve Hyperglycemia and Diabetes

Peer Review #2 of "Evaluation of the glycemic effect of Ceratonia siliqua pods (Carob) on a streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rat model (v0.2)"

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